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2000
Volume 21, Issue 3
  • ISSN: 1568-0266
  • E-ISSN: 1873-4294

Abstract

Toxoplasmosis is a neglected disease caused by infection by the protozoan . One-third of the global population is expected to be by infected . In Europe and North America, most infections do not induce disease, except in the context of immunosuppression. However, in endemic regions such Central and South America, infections induce severe ocular and potentially lethal disease, even in immunocompetent individuals. The immune response against infection involves components of innate immunity even in the chronic phase of the disease, including dangerous signal molecules such as extracellular nucleotides. Purinergic signaling pathways include ionotropic and metabotropic receptors activated by extracellular nucleotides that are divided into P2X, P2Y, and A1 receptor families. The activation of purinergic signaling impacts biological systems by modulating immune responses to intracellular pathogens such as . Ten years ago, purinergic signaling in the infection was reported for the first time. In this review, we update and summarize the main findings regarding the role of purinergic signaling in infection; these include findings: the microbicidal effect of P2Y and P2X7 activation phagocytic cells and parasite control by P2X7 activation in non-phagocytic cells; and findings: the promotion of early pro-inflammatory events that protect the host in acute and chronic models.

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/content/journals/ctmc/10.2174/1568026621999201211202533
2021-01-01
2025-06-01
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