The Role of (Pro)Renin Receptor in the Metabolic Syndrome

The prorenin receptor (PRR) is a complex multi-functional single transmembrane protein receptor that is ubiquitously expressed in organs and tissues throughout the body. PRR is involved in different cellular mechanisms that comprise the generation of Angiotensin II, the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, the stimulation of ERK 1/2 pathway, and the proper functioning of the vacuolar H+-ATPase. Evidence supports the role of PRR and its soluble form, sPRR, in the classical features of the metabolic syndrome, including obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and disruption of lipid homeostasis. This review summarizes our current knowledge and highlights new advances in the pathophysiological function of PRR and sPRR in adipogenesis, adipocyte differentiation, lipolysis, glucose and insulin resistance, lipid homeostasis, energy metabolism, and blood pressure regulation.