Potential use of Acrocomia aculeata Pulp Oil in the Modulation of Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Especially in Diabetes: A Systematic Review

Introduction: The fruit oil from Acrocomia aculeata (Macauba or Bocaiuva) is highly rich in antioxidants and other bioactive compounds, emerging as a natural source of high potential for the modulation of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), like diabetes. Its effects on chronic NCDs are poorly studied yet. This review aimed to evaluate the therapeutic results of pharmaceutical preparations containing Acrocomia aculeata pulp oil that are used for chronic NCDs. Method: A search was performed using PICO acronyms in English, Portuguese, and Spanish languages in the MEDLINE®, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, LILACs, and CENTRAL Cochrane Library databases. The degree of agreement for selection and eligibility was significant (Kappa= 0.992; 95% CI: 0.988-0.996). The difference between the intervention and control groups for blood glucose reduction was 63.5 ± 69.5 mg/dL (p<0.0001). Result: Overall, an improvement percentage of 55.1 ± 0.1 was observed for the variables associated with chronic NCDs, which represented 89.96% of the relative risk reduction (efficacy). Conclusion: The Acrocomia aculeate pulp oil exhibited promising results in experimental studies for glycemic control and reduction of a specific tumor, indicating a good potential to be explored for chronic NCDs treatment.