Skip to content
2000
image of The Role of Social Media in Shaping Adolescent Mental Well-being: A Comprehensive Review on Its Pros and Cons

Abstract

Objective

The objective of this review is to explore the impact of social media use on the mental health of teenagers, considering both advantages and disadvantages through a Narrative evaluation of recent studies.

Methods

A Narrative review of current literature was conducted to assess the effects of social media on adolescent mental health. The findings were categorized into seven areas: general mental health effects, specific issues such as anxiety and depression, behavioral impacts like addiction and self-regulation, effects on vulnerable populations, the influence of COVID-19, digital mental health services, ethical considerations with AI, and implications for academic achievement and public health.

Results

Social media use has both positive and negative effects on adolescent mental health. It is associated with an increase in behavioral issues such as addiction and mental health problems like anxiety and depression. Vulnerable groups, including LGBTQ+ youth and victims of cyberbullying, face heightened risks. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated these mental health challenges, though social media provided essential support networks. Digital mental health services were beneficial but raised ethical concerns, particularly regarding privacy and the need for culturally sensitive interventions.

Conclusion

The review underscores the need for balanced strategies to mitigate the negative impacts of social media on adolescent mental health. Comprehensive digital literacy programs, culturally relevant interventions, and ethical considerations in digital mental health services are crucial to supporting adolescent well-being in the digital age.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/aps/10.2174/0122106766339175241202105325
2025-01-15
2025-04-25
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Anderson M. Jiang J. Teens, social media & technology 2018. Pew Research Center 2018 Available from: https://www.pewresearch.org
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Arora S. Okunbor D. 2015 Social media applications: Are the youth addicted? International Conference on Cyberspace (CYBER-Abuja) 10.1109/CYBER‑Abuja.2015.7360512
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Azagba S. Ebling T. Korkmaz A. Social media use and mental health indicators among US adolescents: A population-based study. Journal of Psychiatric Research 2024 176 354 359 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.06.043 38941758
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Bailey E. Boland A. Bell I. Nicholas J. La Sala L. Robinson J. The mental health and social media use of young Australians during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2022 19 3 1077 10.3390/ijerph19031077 35162101
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Birnbaum M.L. Candan K. Libby I. Pascucci O. Kane J. Impact of online resources and social media on help‐seeking behaviour in youth with psychotic symptoms. Early Intervention in Psychiatry 2016 10 5 397 403 10.1111/eip.12179 25200743
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Birnbaum M.L. Rizvi A.F. Correll C.U. Kane J.M. Confino J. Role of social media and the Internet in pathways to care for adolescents and young adults with psychotic disorders and non‐psychotic mood disorders. Early Intervention in Psychiatry 2017 11 4 290 295 10.1111/eip.12237 25808317
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Booth R.G. Allen B.N. Bray Jenkyn K.M. Li L. Shariff S.Z. Youth mental health services utilization rates after a large-scale social media campaign: Population-based interrupted time-series analysis. JMIR Mental Health 2018 5 2 e27 10.2196/mental.8808 29625954
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Borgen A.L. Domoff S.E. Developing healthy social media practices: An outpatient caregiver-adolescent group intervention. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy 2023 53 2 141 147 10.1007/s10879‑022‑09559‑2 36157908
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Boyd C.P. Jamieson J. Parr H. Eco-anxiety among regional Australian youth with mental health problems: A qualitative study. Early Intervention in Psychiatry 2023 38778585
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Boyle S.C. Baez S. Trager B.M. LaBrie J.W. Systematic bias in self-reported social media use in the age of platform swinging: Implications for studying social media use in relation to adolescent health behavior. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2022 19 16 9847 10.3390/ijerph19169847 36011479
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Brown J. Smith K. Adolescents’ use of social media: The role of family and peer influences. Journal of Adolescent Research 2016 31 1 52 68
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Bye A. Carter B. Leightley D. Trevillion K. Liakata M. Branthonne-Foster S. Cross S. Zenasni Z. Carr E. Williamson G. Vega Viyuela A. Dutta R. Cohort profile: The Social media, smartphone use and Self-harm in Young People (3S-YP) study–A prospective, observational cohort study of young people in contact with mental health services. PLoS One 2024 19 5 e0299059 10.1371/journal.pone.0299059 38776261
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Choudhary P. Baskaran K. The impact of social networking sites among modern youth. 2022 Interdisciplinary Research in Technology and Management (IRTM) 2022
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Cleofas J.V. Social media disorder during community quarantine: A mixed methods study among rural young college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 2022 40 97 105 10.1016/j.apnu.2022.06.003 36064253
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Cross S. Nicholas J. Mangelsdorf S. Valentine L. Baker S. McGorry P. Gleeson J. Alvarez-Jimenez M. Developing a theory of change for a digital youth mental health service (Moderated Online Social Therapy): Mixed methods knowledge synthesis study. JMIR Formative Research 2023 7 3 e49846 10.2196/49846 37921858
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Curran T. Ito-Jaeger S. Perez Vallejos E. Crawford P. What’s up with everyone?’: The effectiveness of a digital media mental health literacy campaign for young people. Journal of Mental Health 2023 32 3 612 618 10.1080/09638237.2023.2182412 36876659
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Daniels M. Sharma M. Batra K. Social media, stress and sleep deprivation: A triple “S” among adolescents. Journal of Health and Social Sciences 2021 6 2 221 236 10.19204/2021/sclm5
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Davis K. Friendship 2.0: Adolescents’ experiences of belonging and self‐disclosure online. Journal of Adolescence 2012 35 6 1527 1536 10.1016/j.adolescence.2012.02.013 22475444
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Ehsan H. Ramakee A. Barakati T. Yosufi A. Azimi S. Aminpoor H. Eshraqi A.M. Kamal F. Ghazanfari F. Ibrahimkhil M. Nikyar M.E. Karimi A. The impact of social media in Afghanistan: A multi-disciplinary study. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare 2024 17 3121 3139 10.2147/JMDH.S468845 39045489
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Fisher C.B. Tao X. Ford M. Social media: A double-edged sword for LGBTQ+ youth. Computers in Human Behavior 2024
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Flynn S.S. Touhey S. Sullivan T.R. Queer and transgender joy: A daily diary qualitative study of positive identity factors among sexual and gender minority adolescents. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity 2023
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Fuentes L.S. Derlan Williams C. Moreno O. Latine immigrant youths’ attitudes toward mental health and mental health services and the role of culturally-responsive programming. Children and Youth Services Review 2024
    [Google Scholar]
  23. George M.J. Russell M.A. Piontak J.R. Odgers C.L. Concurrent and subsequent associations between daily digital technology use and high-risk adolescents’ mental health symptoms. Child Development 2018 89 1 78 88 10.1111/cdev.12819 28466466
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Giovanelli A. Sanchez Karver T. Roundfield K.D. Woodruff S. Wierzba C. Wolny J. Kaufman M.R. The Appa Health App for youth mental health: Development and usability study. JMIR Formative Research 2023 7 1 e49998 10.2196/49998 37792468
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Granic I. Morita H. Scholten H. Young people’s digital interactions from a narrative identity perspective: Implications for mental health and wellbeing. Psychological Inquiry 2020 31 3 258 270 10.1080/1047840X.2020.1820225
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Guan S.S.A. Subrahmanyam K. Youth Internet use: risks and opportunities. Current Opinion in Psychiatry 2009 22 4 351 356 10.1097/YCO.0b013e32832bd7e0 19387347
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Haddaway N.R. Page M.J. Pritchard C.C. McGuinness L.A. PRISMA2020: An R package and Shiny app for producing PRISMA 2020-compliant flow diagrams, with interactivity for optimised digital transparency and Open Synthesis. Campbell Systematic Reviews 2022 18 e1230 10.1002/cl2.1230
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Hamilton J.L. Hutchinson E. Evankovich M.R. Ladouceur C.D. Silk J.S. Daily and average associations of physical activity, social media use, and sleep among adolescent girls during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Journal of Sleep Research 2023 32 1 e13611 10.1111/jsr.13611 35535484
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Hamilton J.L. Torous J. Szlyk H.S. Biernesser C. Kruzan K.P. Jensen M. Reyes-Portillo J. Primack B.A. Zelazny J. Weigle P. Leveraging digital media to promote youth mental health: Flipping the script on social media-related risk. Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry 2024 11 2 67 75 10.1007/s40501‑024‑00315‑y 39258150
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Hammad M.A. Awed H.S. Investigating the relationship between social media addiction and mental health. Nurture 2023 17 3 149 156 10.55951/nurture.v17i3.282
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Harness J. Fitzgerald K. Sullivan H. Selkie E. Youth insight about social media effects on well/ill-being and self-modulating efforts. Journal of Adolescence Health 2022 71 3 324 333 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.04.011 35691849
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Hugh-Jones S. Butcher I. Bhui K. Co-design and evaluation of a youth-informed organisational tool to enhance trauma-informed practices in the UK public sector: A study protocol. BMJ Open 2023 38479737
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Islam S. Tusher A.N. Mia M.S. Rahman M.S. A machine learning based approach to predict online gaming addiction in the context of Bangladesh. 2022 13th International Conference on Computing Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT) 2022
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Jackson D.B. Fix R.L. Testa A. Sleep problems among Black youth exposed to police violence on digital media. Journal of Pediatrics 2023 38554747
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Jha A.P. Stanley E.A. Kiyonaga A. Wong L. Gelfand L. Examining the protective effects of mindfulness training on working memory capacity and affective experience. Emotion 2010 10 1 54 64 10.1037/a0018438 20141302
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Johnson M. Wales K. Social media as a tool for adolescent learning and engagement. Education and Information Technologies 2017 22 1 367 383
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Keles B. McCrae N. Grealish A. A systematic review: the influence of social media on depression, anxiety and psychological distress in adolescents. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth 2020 25 1 79 93 10.1080/02673843.2019.1590851
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Kelly Y. Zilanawala A. Booker C. Sacker A. Social Media Use and Adolescent Mental Health: Findings From the UK Millennium Cohort Study. EClinicalMedicine 2018 6 59 68 10.1016/j.eclinm.2018.12.005 31193561
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Kerr B. Stephens D. Pham D. Ghost Dog T. McCray C. Caughlan C. Gaston A. Gritton J. Jenkins M. Craig Rushing S. Moreno M.A. Assessing the usability, appeal, and impact of a web-based training for adults responding to concerning posts on social media: Pilot suicide prevention study. JMIR Mental Health 2020 7 1 e14949 10.2196/14949 31958066
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Klinger D. Plener P.L. Marboe G. Karwautz A. Kothgassner O.D. Dienlin T. Exploring the relationship between media use and depressive symptoms among gender diverse youth: findings of the Mental Health Days Study. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health 2024 18 1 104 10.1186/s13034‑024‑00797‑x 39175045
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Kolouch D. Kerner J. Hrdlička M. Social networks and their influence on the mental health of youth. Ceska a Slovenska Psychiatrie 2023 119 5 234 243
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Kowalski R.M. Giumetti G.W. Schroeder A.N. Lattanner M.R. Bullying in the digital age: A critical review and meta-analysis of cyberbullying research among youth. Psychological Bulletin 2014 140 4 1073 1137 10.1037/a0035618 24512111
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Laczkovics C. Lozar A. Bock M.M. Reichmann A. Pfeffer B. Bauda I. Goreis A. Mental health and social media use of adolescents and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinical Neuroscience 2023 76 3-4 90 100
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Lee Y. Blebea J. Janssen F. Domoff S.E. The impact of smartphone and social media use on adolescent sleep quality and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies 2023 2023 1 6 10.1155/2023/3277040
    [Google Scholar]
  45. Lee J. Kim H. The effects of social networking sites on adolescents’ social and academic development. Computers in Human Behavior 2015 49 201 207
    [Google Scholar]
  46. Leightley D. Bye A. Carter B. Trevillion K. Branthonne-Foster S. Liakata M. Wood A. Ougrin D. Orben A. Ford T. Dutta R. Maximizing the positive and minimizing the negative: Social media data to study youth mental health with informed consent. Frontiers in Psychiatry 2023 13 1096253 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1096253 36704745
    [Google Scholar]
  47. Leung P.W.S. Li S.X. Holroyd E.A. Tsang C.S.O. Wong W.C.W. Online social media poses opportunities and risks in autistic youth: implications for services from a qualitative study. Frontiers in Psychiatry 2023 14 959846 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.959846 37457772
    [Google Scholar]
  48. Levenson J.C. Shensa A. Sidani J.E. Colditz J.B. Primack B.A. The association between social media use and sleep disturbance among young adults. Preventive Medicine 2016 85 36 41 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.01.001 26791323
    [Google Scholar]
  49. Page M.J. McKenzie J.E. Bossuyt P.M. Boutron I. Hoffmann T.C. Mulrow C.D. Shamseer L. Tetzlaff J.M. Akl E.A. Brennan S.E. Chou R. Glanville J. Grimshaw J.M. Hróbjartsson A. Lalu M.M. Li T. Loder E.W. Mayo-Wilson E. McDonald S. McGuinness L.A. Stewart L.A. Thomas J. Tricco A.C. Welch V.A. Whiting P. Moher D. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ 2021 372 71 n71 10.1136/bmj.n71 33782057
    [Google Scholar]
  50. Liu Y. Wu Y.C. Fu H. Guo W.Y. Wang X. Digital intervention in improving the outcomes of mental health among LGBTQ+ youth: A systematic review. Frontiers in Psychology 2023 14 1242928 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1242928 37809309
    [Google Scholar]
  51. Livingstone S. Developing social media literacy: How children learn to interpret risky opportunities on social network sites. Communications 2014 39 3 283 303 10.1515/commun‑2014‑0113
    [Google Scholar]
  52. Margolis J. Amanbekova D. Social Media and Cyberbullying. Teens, Screens, and Social Connection 2023 79 101 10.1007/978‑3‑031‑24804‑7_6
    [Google Scholar]
  53. Marshall R.D. Bailey J. Lin A. Sheridan D.C. Hendrickson R.G. Hughes A. Horowitz B.Z. Impact of social media “challenges” on poison center case volume for intentional ingestions among school-aged children: an observational study. Clinical Toxicology 2024 62 3 183 189 10.1080/15563650.2024.2331064 38587109
    [Google Scholar]
  54. McLeroy A.M. Wang Y.C. “We’re not anti-police…We’re anti-police brutality”: An exploration of Black college freshmen’s perception of police brutality on social media. Journal of Adolescent Research 2024 39 4 1086 1114 10.1177/07435584221144975
    [Google Scholar]
  55. Moreno M.A. Goniu N. Moreno P.S. Diekema D. Ethics of social media research: common concerns and practical considerations. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking 2013 16 9 708 713 10.1089/cyber.2012.0334 23679571
    [Google Scholar]
  56. Munam A.M. Hossain A. Factors influencing mental health among youth during the COVID-19 lockdown: A cross-sectional study in Bangladesh. IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems. 2023
    [Google Scholar]
  57. Nawaz F.A. Riaz M.M.A. Banday N. Singh A. Arshad Z. Derby H. Sultan M.A. Social media use among adolescents with eating disorders: a double-edged sword. Frontiers in Psychiatry 2024 15 1300182 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1300182 38404474
    [Google Scholar]
  58. Nelson R. Robards B. Churchill B. Vivienne S. Byron P. Hanckel B. Social media use among bisexuals and pansexuals: connection, harassment and mental health. Culture, Health and Sexuality 2023 25 6 711 727 10.1080/13691058.2022.2092213 35900926
    [Google Scholar]
  59. Nereim C. Bickham D. Rich M. Exploring use patterns and racial and ethnic differences in real-time affective states during social media use among a clinical sample of adolescents with depression: Prospective cohort study. JMIR Formative Research 2022 6 5 e30900 10.2196/30900 35550316
    [Google Scholar]
  60. Nesi J. The impact of social media on youth mental health: Challenges and opportunities. North Carolina Medical Journal 2020 81 2 116 121 10.18043/ncm.81.2.116 32132255
    [Google Scholar]
  61. Nesi J. Burke T.A. Extein J. Kudinova A.Y. Fox K.A. Hunt J. Wolff J.C. Social media use, sleep, and psychopathology in psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents. Journal of Psychiatric Research 2021 144 296 303 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.10.014 34710666
    [Google Scholar]
  62. O’Keeffe G.S. Clarke-Pearson K. The impact of social media on children, adolescents, and families. Pediatrics 2011 127 4 800 804 10.1542/peds.2011‑0054 21444588
    [Google Scholar]
  63. Pachava V. Lasekan O.A. Golla S.K. Gosikonda S. Machine learning analysis of social media’s impact on the mental health of Indian youth. International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Scope 2024
    [Google Scholar]
  64. Pavarini G. Reardon T. Singh I. Online peer-led intervention to improve adolescent well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: A randomized controlled trial. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health 2023 38500188
    [Google Scholar]
  65. Perera U.D.H.L. Harshanath S.M.B. The Impact Of Social Media On The Academic Development Of School Students. 2022 IEEE 10th Region 10 Humanitarian Technology Conference (R10-HTC), Hyderabad, India 2022 184 190 10.1109/R10‑HTC54060.2022.9929786
    [Google Scholar]
  66. Pineda-Romero V.V. Orozco-Mora C.E. Ceballos H.G. Factors to improve online education: A study on the impact of COVID-19 on Delhi students. Future of Educational Innovation-Workshop Series Data in Action 2023
    [Google Scholar]
  67. Plackett R. Sheringham J. Dykxhoorn J. The longitudinal impact of social media use on UK adolescents’ mental health: Longitudinal observational study. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2023 25 e39952 10.2196/39952
    [Google Scholar]
  68. Polillo A. Cleverley K. Wiljer D. Digital disconnection: A qualitative study of youth and young adult perspectives on cyberbullying and the adoption of auto-detection or software tools. Journal of Adolescence Health 2023 38206225
    [Google Scholar]
  69. Powers R.A. Public health campaigns to address social media-related mental health issues. Journal of Public Health Policy 2018 39 1 135 147 10.1057/s41271‑017‑0090‑0
    [Google Scholar]
  70. Pugno M. Social media effects on well‐being: The hypothesis of addiction of a new variety. Kyklos 2024 77 3 690 704 10.1111/kykl.12380
    [Google Scholar]
  71. Rideout V. Social media, social life: Teens reveal their experiences. Common Sense Media 2018 Available from: https://www.commonsensemedia.org
    [Google Scholar]
  72. Robinson J. Bailey E. Hetrick S. Paix S. O’Donnell M. Cox G. Ftanou M. Skehan J. Developing social media-based suicide prevention messages in partnership with young people: Exploratory study. JMIR Mental Health 2017 4 4 e40 10.2196/mental.7847 28978499
    [Google Scholar]
  73. Rosen L.D. Whaling K. Rab S. Carrier L.M. Cheever N.A. Is Facebook creating “iDisorders”? The link between clinical symptoms of psychiatric disorders and technology use, attitudes and anxiety. Computers in Human Behavior 2013 29 3 1243 1254 10.1016/j.chb.2012.11.012
    [Google Scholar]
  74. Sahoo P. Mishra M. Das S.C. Social media impact on psychological well-being—A cross-sectional study among the adolescents of Odisha. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 2024 13 3 859 863 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_325_23 38736810
    [Google Scholar]
  75. Saleem S.M. Jan S.S. A cross-sectional study of mental health effects of excessive screen time and social media use among Indian adolescents and young adults. Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine 2024
    [Google Scholar]
  76. Sanchez G. Jenkins J.H. Social media & subjectivity: Adolescent lived experiences with social media in a Southern California middle school. Social Science and Medicine 2024 348 116839 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116839 38581816
    [Google Scholar]
  77. Scott J. Hockey S. Ospina-Pinillos L. Doraiswamy P.M. Alvarez-Jimenez M. Hickie I. Research to Clinical Practice—Youth seeking mental health information online and its impact on the first steps in the patient journey. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 2022 145 3 301 314 10.1111/acps.13390 34923619
    [Google Scholar]
  78. Shi X. Yu C. Wu D. Influence of internet language violence on young students’ mental health and intervention countermeasures. Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2021 2021 1 14 10.1155/2021/1603117 34804445
    [Google Scholar]
  79. Silk J.S. Sequeira S.L. James K.M. Kilic Z. Grad-Freilich M.E. Choukas-Bradley S. Ladouceur C.D. The role of neural sensitivity to social evaluation in understanding “for whom” social media use may impact emotional health during adolescence. Affective Science 2024 10.1007/s42761‑024‑00252‑2
    [Google Scholar]
  80. Steers M.L.N. Wickham R.E. Acitelli L.K. Seeing everyone else’s highlight reels: How Facebook usage is linked to depressive symptoms. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 2014 33 8 701 731 10.1521/jscp.2014.33.8.701
    [Google Scholar]
  81. Sussman N. DeJong S.M. Ethical considerations for mental health clinicians working with adolescents in the digital age. Current Psychiatry Reports 2018 20 12 113 10.1007/s11920‑018‑0974‑z 30317406
    [Google Scholar]
  82. Szczygieł K. Podwalski P. Comorbidity of social media addiction and other mental disorders – an overview. Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy 2020 22 4 7 11 10.12740/APP/122487
    [Google Scholar]
  83. Teh J. Amat M.A.C. Influence of social media, counseling help-seeking attitudes and cyberbullying engagement among young adults in Selangor, Malaysia. Journal of Institutional Research South East Asia 2024
    [Google Scholar]
  84. Thompson A. Hollis S. Herman K.C. Reinke W.M. Hawley K. Magee S. Evaluation of a social media campaign on youth mental health stigma and help-seeking. School Psychology Review 2020 49 4 399 411 10.1080/2372966X.2020.1774590
    [Google Scholar]
  85. Turkkan T. Hatipoglu E. Factors affecting the mental health of youth after the Great Kahramanmaras earthquake disaster. Journal of Social Service Research 2023
    [Google Scholar]
  86. Turuba R. Cormier W. Zenone M. Exploring how youth use TikTok for mental health information in British Columbia: A semi-structured interview study with youth. JMIR Infodemiology 2023 38967966
    [Google Scholar]
  87. Twenge J.M. Campbell W.K. Associations between screen time and lower psychological well-being among children and adolescents: Evidence from a population-based study. Preventive Medicine Reports 2018 12 271 283 10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.10.003 30406005
    [Google Scholar]
  88. Urich T.J. Lee W. Po J. From art to health action: Lessons from a community-based, culturally tailored arts-meets-health educational campaign in Hispanic communities. Frontiers in Public Health 2023 38680937
    [Google Scholar]
  89. Vaingankar J.A. van Dam R.M. Samari E. Chang S. Seow E. Chua Y.C. Luo N. Verma S. Subramaniam M. Social media-driven routes to positive mental health among youth: Qualitative enquiry and concept mapping study. JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting 2022 5 1 e32758 10.2196/32758 35254285
    [Google Scholar]
  90. Valentine L. McEnery C. D’Alfonso S. Phillips J. Bailey E. Alvarez-Jimenez M. Harnessing the potential of social media to develop the next generation of digital health treatments in youth mental health. Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry 2019 6 4 325 336 10.1007/s40501‑019‑00184‑w
    [Google Scholar]
  91. Vannucci A. Flannery K.M. Ohannessian C.M. Social media use and anxiety in emerging adults. Journal of Affective Disorders 2017 207 163 166 10.1016/j.jad.2016.08.040 27723539
    [Google Scholar]
  92. Vidal C. Philippe F.L. Paquin V. The role of social media use and associated risk and protective behaviors on depression in youth adults: A longitudinal and network perspective. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 2023
    [Google Scholar]
  93. Vogel E.A. Rose J.P. Roberts L.R. Eckles K. Social comparison, social media, and self-esteem. Psychology of Popular Media Culture 2014 3 4 206 222 10.1037/ppm0000047
    [Google Scholar]
  94. Vogelzang J.L. Chapter 2 - Gender and age-specific use of social media. Effective Use of Social Media in Public Health Academic Press 2023 23 42 10.1016/B978‑0‑323‑95630‑7.00001‑9
    [Google Scholar]
  95. Wang H. Yue Z. S D. Challenges with using popular entertainment to address mental health: a content analysis of Netflix series 13 Reasons Why controversy in mainstream news coverage. Frontiers in Psychiatry 2023 14 1214822 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1214822 37711419
    [Google Scholar]
  96. Webb B. Looi J.C.L. Allison S. Bidargaddi N. Bastiampillai T. Point of view: Could social media use be contributing to rising rates of deliberate self-harm and suicide in Australian youth populations? Australasian Psychiatry 2022 30 6 694 697 10.1177/10398562221100093 35524370
    [Google Scholar]
  97. White H.I. Aguayo D. Smith A.K. Let’s talk about it: Black youths’ perceptions on the development of a school-based social media campaign. School Psychology 2023 38934898
    [Google Scholar]
  98. Williams A.H. Williams A.W. Renner L. PettyJohn M.E. Cash S.J. Schwab-Reese L.M. “I need to talk to someone…What do I do?”: Peer-to-peer disclosures of child maltreatment on social media. Journal of Family Violence 2024 10.1007/s10896‑024‑00697‑w
    [Google Scholar]
  99. Woo K.S. Bong S.H. Choi T.Y. Kim J.W. Mental health, smartphone use type, and screen time among adolescents in South Korea. Psychology Research and Behavior Management. 2021 14 1419 1428 10.2147/PRBM.S324235 34548824
    [Google Scholar]
  100. Wu Y. Xue Y. Zhao X. Han S. Wu W. Unravelling the veil of appearance anxiety: exploring social media use among Chinese young people. BMC Psychology 2024 12 1 9 10.1186/s40359‑023‑01495‑7 38167566
    [Google Scholar]
  101. Xu R.L. Wang S. Wang Z. Zhang Y. Xiao Y. Pathak J. Hodge D. Leng Y. Watkins S.C. Ding Y. Peng Y. Analyzing social factors to enhance suicide prevention across population groups. 2024 IEEE 12th International Conference on Healthcare Informatics (ICHI) 2024
    [Google Scholar]
  102. Zheng X. Li W. Lin H.-C. Exposure to user-generated e-cigarette content on social media associated with greater vulnerability to e-cigarette use among youth non-users. Addictive Behaviors 2024
    [Google Scholar]
  103. Zheng X. Yang M. Lin H.-C. The mediating roles of mental health problems and racial differences in the linkage between social media use and e-cigarette use among American youth. Preventive Medicine 2024
    [Google Scholar]
  104. Zimmermann E. Tomczyk S. Fostering digital life skills through social media with adolescents in 6 German states: Protocol for an accessibility study according to the RE-AIM framework. JMIR Research Protocols 2023
    [Google Scholar]
  105. Zou W. Drake A.P. Masur P.K. Examining learners’ engagement patterns and knowledge outcome in an experiential learning intervention for youth’s social media literacy. Computers & Education. 2023
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/aps/10.2174/0122106766339175241202105325
Loading
/content/journals/aps/10.2174/0122106766339175241202105325
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error
Please enter a valid_number test