Effects of Xenogen Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Cryo-Platelet Gel on Intractable Wound Healing in Animal Model (Rat)

Background: Today, the effects of growth factors and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in promoting wound healing has been confirmed. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of MSCs and platelet cryogel on wound healing. Methods: 40 male wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=8). The control group was just dressed, the second group received platelet cryogel, the third group received platelet cryogel containing MSCs, the fourth group received plasma, and the fifth group received plasma plus MSCs. The biopsy was obtained from the wounds in the 2, 4, 6, and 8 days of the treatment. Then, pathological evaluation was conducted. Finally, qRT-PCR was performed to determine angiogenesis. Results: The intervention groups had faster wound healing and lower wound area than the control group (p<0.05). The highest wound healing rate and the smallest wound area was observed in the group receiving platelet cryogel plus MSCs. Angiogenesis, fibrosis, myoepithelial and epithelialization in the pathologic examination using H & E staining were not significantly different between the groups. The expression of Ang-1 in the intervention groups was higher than the control group and the highest expression was observed in the platelet cryogel plus MSCs, followed by the platelet cryogel group. The expression of VEGF in the plasma plus MSCs was higher than in the other groups. Conclusion: Further studies require to determine the effects of combined use of platelet cryogel plus MSCs on other types of wound and evaluate mechanisms involved in wound healing like collagenesis and inflammatory factors.