Memristors as Prospective Devices for Silicon and Post-Silicon Eras: Theory, Applications and Perspectives

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Silicon-based semiconductor devices have sustained Moore’s Law for a long time. However, with the downscaling of devices, the focus of the industry has shifted toward alternative materials having application-specific properties. Memristors have emerged as one of the prospective semiconductor devices for multi-faceted applications due to their data retention properties, convenient fabrication, and less complex circuit architectures. The dual resistance states of memristors have been employed in multiple intelligent applications, including brain-inspired computing architectures, methods, cryptography frameworks, and biological sensing. The non-volatility of memory and compatibility with CMOS-style architecture have led to a wide range of domains that are capable of exploiting the properties of memristors. A number of mathematical models have also been developed to explain the working principle of memristors. This chapter reviews the theory and applications of memristors for the silicon era and presents the future perspectives of these devices for the post-silicon era.