A Guide to Digital Forensic: Theoretical To Software Based Investigations

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Digital forensics is a part of forensic science that works with the use of digital data generated, saved, and communicated by digital devices as evidence in investigations and judicial actions. It is a growing field in computing that frequently necessitates the intelligent analysis of large amounts of complex data. A form of digital forensics has existed since nearly the invention of computers, however, as digital forensic processes have matured and needs have become more prevalent, forensic capabilities have seen significant advancements in recent years. Rapid advancements in computer science and information technology enable the development of novel techniques and software for digital investigations. Initially, much of the analysis software was unique and proprietary, but over time, specialised analysis software for both the private and governmental sectors became available. Also, it appears that Artificial Intelligence (AI) is an ideal approach for dealing with many of the current problems in digital forensics. It is a well-established branch of modern computer science that may help solve computationally massive or complicated problems in a reasonable amount of time. The goal of this paper is to deliver a high-level overview of digital forensics phases, applications, merits and demerits and widely used software of the domain. The paper also discusses legitimate and legal considerations followed by the scope and role of artificial intelligence for solving complex problems of digital forensics.