Bentham Science Publishers

Despite an increase in life expectancy over the past 20 years, the number of novel, multi-drug resistant microorganisms has also risen dramatically. To reduce the risk of reemerging infections, and limit the spread of multidrug resistant microorganisms, it is urgently necessary to develop safe and effective therapeutic countermeasures. New antimicrobial chemicals are mostly produced with the help of microorganisms, and the bulk of medications now on the market are of this type. The use of high therapeutic screening and recent developments in analytical instrumentation has allowed the researchers to identify novel antimicrobial compounds from bacteria, fungi, plants, mushrooms, algae, and other sources more quickly. The second volume of Frontiers in Antimicrobial Agents highlights the ongoing requirement for researching and creating novel antimicrobial medications. Current Trends in the Identification and Development of Antimicrobial Agents aims to bring together the expertise of notable academics to examine all facets of antimicrobial research while keeping recent advancements in perspective. Antibiotic discovery, sources of novel antimicrobial chemicals, developing and reemerging microbial infections, various elements of drug resistance, and the need for antimicrobial medications in the future are all covered in this book. It is a timely reference for anyone involved in the discovery and development of new drugs, including microbiologists, biotechnologists, pharmacologists, doctors, and researchers.

The book gives a comprehensive overview of the evolving landscape of cyber-physical systems (CPS) with a primary focus on security challenges and innovative solutions. CPS, encompassing a wide array of applications from e-Health to smart grid and industry automation, is explored in depth through eight edited reviews.

The book starts with an exploration of various threat detection and prevention techniques in IoT environments, followed by discussions on security in smart grid cyber-physical systems, and the integration of cyber-physical systems with game theory. It also covers important topics such as cyber-physical systems in healthcare, augmented reality challenges, network and computer forensic frameworks, and a review of industrial critical infrastructure perspectives.

The journey from traditional data warehouses to data lakes is thoroughly examined, shedding light on the evolution of data storage methods. The final chapter explains intrusion detection in industrial critical infrastructure, reviewing feature selection and classification models. By navigating through these topics, the book equips readers with a comprehensive understanding of cybersecurity challenges and solutions in an era of automation and IoT technologies.

This book is intended for a diverse readership, including professionals, researchers, and technology enthusiasts keen on exploring the intricacies of CPS, IoT security, data storage evolution, and industrial infrastructure protection.

Key Features:

-Analytical insights into cyber-physical systems security.

-Thorough exploration of threat detection and prevention techniques.

-Application-focused chapters covering smart grid, healthcare, and more.

-Integration of game theory and augmented reality in cyber-physical systems.

-Comprehensive overview on network and computer forensic frameworks.

DFT-Based Studies On Atomic Clusters explores the structures, properties, and applications of a variety of atomic clusters using density functional theory (DFT) methods to offer a simple and comprehensive explanation of the subject.

The book is organized into seven chapters. Chapter 1 introduces atomic clusters and provides a quick survey of density functional theory and its role in the study of atomic clusters. Chapter 2 discusses the optimization of atomic clusters using various algorithms. Chapters 3, 4, and 5 cover the applications of DFT methods on chemical interactions involving metal complexes and ions. Chapter 6 is devoted exclusively to molecular clusters for completeness. Chapter 7 concludes the book and provides a perspective on future directions on the subject.

Theoretical and practical concepts of DFT methods of the book are systematically and concisely presented with the help of clear language. Several illustrations in the form of graphics and tables are included for the benefit of readers.

This reference is intended as a guide for advanced graduate and doctorate level scholars, postdoctoral researchers, and faculty members who are required to understand the application of density functional theory for explaining the properties of atomic clusters as part of foundational coursework or supplementary reading.

Data Science for Agricultural Innovation and Productivity explores the transformation of agriculture through data-driven practices. This comprehensive book delves into the intersection of data science and farming, offering insights into the potential of big data analytics, machine learning, and IoT integration. Readers will find a wide range of topics covered in 10 chapters, including smart farming, AI applications, hydroponics, and robotics. Expert contributors, including researchers, practitioners, and academics in the fields of data science and agriculture, share their knowledge to provide readers with up-to-date insights and practical applications. The interdisciplinary emphasis of the book gives a well-rounded view of the subject. With real-world examples and case studies, this book demonstrates how data science is being successfully applied in agriculture, inspiring readers to explore new possibilities and contribute to the ongoing transformation of the agricultural sector. Sustainability and future outlook are the key themes, as the book explores how data science can promote environmentally conscious agricultural practices while addressing global food security concerns. Key Features: - Focus on data-driven agricultural practices - Comprehensive coverage of modern farming topics with an interdisciplinary perspective - Expert insights - Sustainability and future outlook -Highlights practical applications Data Science for Agricultural Innovation and Productivity is an essential resource for researchers, data scientists, farmers, agricultural technologists, students, educators, and anyone with an interest in the future of farming through data-driven agriculture.

This book is a detailed reference guide on deep learning and its applications. It aims to provide a basic understanding of deep learning and its different architectures that are applied to process images, speech, and natural language. It explains basic concepts and many modern use cases through fifteen chapters contributed by computer science academics and researchers. By the end of the book, the reader will become familiar with different deep learning approaches and models, and understand how to implement various deep learning algorithms using multiple frameworks and libraries. The second part is dedicated to sentiment analysis using deep learning and machine learning techniques. This book section covers the experimentation and application of deep learning techniques and architectures in real-world applications. It details the salient approaches, issues, and challenges in building ethically aligned machines. An approach inspired by traditional Eastern thought and wisdom is also presented. The final part covers artificial intelligence approaches used to explain the machine learning models that enhance transparency for the benefit of users. A review and detailed description of the use of knowledge graphs in generating explanations for black-box recommender systems and a review of ethical system design and a model for sustainable education is included in this section. An additional chapter demonstrates how a semi-supervised machine-learning technique can be used for cryptocurrency portfolio management. The book is a timely reference for academicians, professionals, researchers and students at engineering and medical institutions working on artificial intelligence applications.

This book is an essential guide to analysis and design of tall buildings and foundations. The book covers the basic consideration of tall buildings, selection of a suitable structural form, structural materials, and analytical methods for several types of construction loadings. The last chapter of this book presents an illustrated case study for learners. An appendix of different structural analysis calculations rounds up the book. The detailed analysis and learning material presented in the book is intended to enable readers to master the basics and understand how to execute practical civil engineering projects.

Key features:

- Covers the essentials of skyscraper design and construction in detail with a focus on learning.

- Covers building modelling parameters and criteria with design reports and computer inputs.

- Includes analysis and notes for foundation layout, loadings and the excavation and lateral support system (ELS).

- Includes more than 250 detailed illustrations of concepts, construction plans and photos from real projects.

- Includes references and appendices for advanced readers.

- Includes more details than most of the similar texts, with practical guidelines based on references from many buildings and foundation projects.

The authors have extensive research and practical experience of buildings and foundation analysis and design in Hong Kong, and have actively served as regional engineering committee members overseeing structural and foundation disciplines.

Diagnosis and Management of Fetal Disorders reviews key points in obstetrics/maternal fetal medicine imagery analysis of the pregnant uterus and its contents. Specifically, chapters cover ultrasound of different fetal organs, physiological systems and diseases. The authors also provide radiological correlation to help the obstetrician, pediatrician, radiologist, and other specialists know the basics and some more advanced concepts that will allow diagnosis of fetal abnormality, and what those findings mean to the patient and their families vis-a-vis the fetus in their pregnancy. It is ,therefore, a handbook that helps medical residents and professionals to assess cases in real-time or to review a given clinical problem. Key Features - 13 structured chapters covering key topics related to the ultrasound of different fetal organs, physiological systems and diseases - Evidence-based presentation through detailed images and references - Portability and practical information on general and differential diagnostics to consider in fetal and uterine examinations. - Useful information for medical and genetic counseling affected mothers and couples The book is intended for a broad readership in medicine including medical students, specialty trainees and attending physicians in obstetrics, pediatrics, radiology, and subspecialty trainees in maternal fetal medicine, neonatology, ultrasound imaging. Medical professionals in allied fields including sonography, family practice, and genetic counseling will also benefit from the information presented in the book.

This 3 volume set offers a comprehensive compilation which presents detailed information about ophthalmic (retinal, vitreous and macular) diseases. Key features of this set include:

o Emphasis on practical features of clinical diagnosis

o Concise and didactic presentation of key manifestations of diseases designed for rapid reference and target recall

o A vast selection of illustrations to sharpen clinical problem-solving skills

o Step by step treatment approaches to enhance the reader's ability to handle medical cases

o Citations or relevant research articles in each chapter for further reading

The second volume of this set covers several choroid and retinal disorders including, commotio retinae, choroidal rupture and macular trauma, retinal breaks and detachment, and a variety of congenital / genetic eye diseases such as Best’s disease and Stargardt disease. Written by a group of retina specialists, this book is an excellent resource for knowledge about retinal disorders. The streamlined format and evidence based medicine presented in the volume make this book the perfect reference for medical students, residents, general ophthalmologists and retina specialists.

Differential and Integral Calculus - Theory and Cases is a complete textbook designed to cover basic calculus at introductory college and undergraduate levels. Chapters provide information about calculus fundamentals and concepts including real numbers, series, functions, limits, continuity, differentiation, antidifferentiation (integration) and sequences. Readers will find a concise and clear study of calculus topics, giving them a solid foundation of mathematical analysis using calculus. The knowledge and concepts presented in this book will equip students with the knowledge to immediately practice the learned calculus theory in practical situations encountered at advanced levels.

Key Features:

- Complete coverage of basic calculus, including differentiation and integration

- Easy to read presentation suitable for students

- Information about functions and maps

- Case studies and exercises for practical learning, with solutions

- Case studies and exercises for practical learning, with solutions

- References for further reading

This reference reviews the architectural requirements of IT systems that are designed to digitally transform business operations. It is a compilation of 7 timely reviews that demonstrate how adopting emerging technologies and examining the security-based concerns can lead to innovation in the business sector. The aim of the book is to guide scholars and business consultants on IT and business frameworks that can help new and existing organizations navigate the challenges posed by disruptive technologies to create a competitive advantage. The reviews are contributed by experts in business and information technology.

The chapters cover diverse topics related to technological advancements and digital security measures. Chapter 1 offers insights into accessing and securing patient medical records through a blockchain-based framework, detailing research methodology, scalability, and standards. Chapter 2 discusses cyber threats in IoT-connected cars, addressing vulnerabilities, attack methods, and defense strategies. Chapter 3 focuses on malware analysis and detection using machine learning techniques. Chapter 4 emphasizes on securing IoT-based home automation. Chapter 5 presents an IoT policy and governance reference architecture to ensure integrity and security across devices. Chapter 6 explores organizational security improvements to prevent deepfake ransomware. Finally, Chapter 7 examines the use of machine learning in credit card fraud detection, discussing challenges and control layers.

This book is a comprehensive review of technologies and data in healthcare services. It features a compilation of 10 chapters that inform readers about the recent research and developments in this field. Each chapter focuses on a specific aspect of healthcare services, highlighting the potential impact of technology on enhancing practices and outcomes.

The main features of the book include 1) referenced contributions from healthcare and data analytics experts, 2) a broad range of topics that cover healthcare services, and 3) demonstration of deep learning techniques for specific diseases.

Key topics:

- Federated learning in analysis of sensitive healthcare data while preserving privacy and security.

- Artificial intelligence for 3-D bone image reconstruction.

- Detection of disease severity and creating personalized treatment plans using machine learning and software tools

- Case studies for disease detection methods for different disease and conditions, including dementia, asthma, eye diseases

- Brain-computer interfaces

- Data mining for standardized electronic health records

- Data collection, management, and analysis in epidemiological research

The book is a resource for learners and professionals in healthcare service training programs and health administration departments.

Diverse Strategies for Catalytic Reactions is a compelling exploration of catalysis, a cornerstone in chemical sciences that has propelled the evolution of chemical manufacturing at the industrial scale.

Highlighting the distinctive characteristics of catalysis, the book delves into pivotal topics and subfields. It underscores the revolutionary role catalysis plays in novel design, synthesis, and energy-efficient development, while minimizing side products, promoting atom economy, and embracing green chemistry principles. The comprehensive contents of this book include an array of chapters by experts, each addressing a specific catalytic approach, such as recent advances in electrocatalysis, nano-catalysis for selective oxidation, micellar catalysis, green catalysts, and more. Each of the 7 book chapters includes a summary and list of references for a broad range of readers. Readers will understand the range of chemical engineering strategies that are used to speed up reactions and synthesize molecules of interest. With its rich insights and practical applications, this book serves as an invaluable reference for graduate students, researchers, and professionals across academic and industrial domains.

Drug Addiction Mechanisms in the Brain explores the fascinating world of drug substances and their effects on the brain. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the ten major substances that contribute to drug addiction Information about each substance is presented in a specific chapter, shedding light on their biochemical mechanisms and physiological effects. From the stimulating effects of cocaine to the sedative properties of heroin, and the hallucinogenic experiences induced by LSD, the book takes the reader through the intricate pathways of addiction. Other substances covered in the book include alcohol, nicotine, MDMA, METH, morphine, ketamine, and fentanyl. Readers will gain an understanding about neurochemical alterations in the brain Anyone looking for interesting knowledge about the addictive nature of common drugs and their complex interplay with the brain will find this book informative.

Drug Metabolism and Bioanalysis Letters publishes letters, original research articles, mini-reviews, thematic issues based on mini-reviews and letters, commentaries, technical notes and drug clinical trial studies on major advances in all areas of drug metabolism and bioanalysis.

In vitro systems including CYP-450; enzyme induction and inhibition; drug-drug interactions and enzyme kinetics; pharmacokinetics, toxicokinetics, species scaling and extrapolations; P-glycoprotein and transport carriers; target organ toxicity and interindividual variability; drug metabolism and disposition studies; extrahepatic metabolism; phase I and phase II metabolism; bioactivation; recent developments for the identification of drug metabolites, reactive intermediate and glutathione conjugates. LC/MS and other key detection methods, including ligand binding assays, sample preparation, chromatography and separation sciences, method development and validation with applications in drug and metabolite assays, pharmacokinetic/toxicokinetic assays, biomarker assays, immunogenicity assays, diagnostic assays.

This book covers some recent researches on the interface between drug misuse and crime and demonstrates that some types of violent crimes are more intimately related to alcohol and / or drug consumption. It is written for researchers, health and law professionals engaged in the evaluation, management and treatment of different types of offenders. It is organized by a number of phenomena that are known (or supposed) to link drugs and crime. This book shows that the application of punishment under the guise of deterrence, despite its ineffectiveness, is frequently preferred to a more adequate management for some types of offenders. This book provides ten manuscripts that describe different aspects of the relationship between drugs and crimes, always focusing on Brazilian reality. It shows that a partnership between specialized mental health professionals, lawyers and policy makers is urgent with respect to this subject in Brazil and other countries.

A biosensor is an integrated receptor-transducer device that converts a biological response into an electrical signal. The design and development of biosensors have taken center stage for researchers or scientists in the recent decade owing to the wide range of biosensor applications in healthcare and disease diagnosis, environmental monitoring, water and food quality, and drug delivery. Due to their adaptability, ease of use in relatively complex samples, and portability, the significance of electrochemical biosensors in analytical chemistry has increased manifold. Electrochemistry has been pivotal in developing transduction methods for biological processes and biosensors. In parallel, the explosion of activity in nanoscience and nanotechnology and their huge success have profoundly affected biosensor technology, opening new avenues of research for electrode materials and transduction.

Electrochemical Biosensors in Practice: Material and Methods particularly explores the use of silver and gold nanoparticles for signal amplification, photocurrent transduction, and aptamer design. Therefore, the book serves as an introductory text for those specializing in biosensors and bioelectronics and their practical applications.

Key features

Includes structured information for easy understanding of the subject

Provides an introduction to biosensors and electrochemical biosensor classification

Explains fundamental concepts and practical electrochemistry techniques for research

Provides notes on essential electrochemical sensor materials such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, conductive polymers, and other advanced materials

Provides information about electrochemical biosensor development

Informs readers about recent applications and research findings

Includes references for further reading

This reference provides an update on current therapies to treat neglected diseases, a class of diseases that primarily affect tropical regions where investment in research and development is limited.

The book starts with an introduction to neglected diseases followed by reviews of therapeutic strategies to overcome the impact of neglected diseases. This is followed by updated information for handling leprosy, dengue, lymphatic filariasis, dracunculiasis, helminthiasis, Chagas’ disease, neurocysticercosis, leishmaniasis, rabies, trematodiasis, buruli ulcer and trachoma in 10 focused chapters, respectively. The chapters provide information on disease mechanism, transmission and management protocols, along with scientific references. The book serves as a resource for healthcare professionals, and scholars who need a detailed understanding of these infectious diseases.

This reference distills information about emerging technologies and applications for smart city design and sustainable urban planning. Chapters present technology use-cases that have radical novelty and high scalability with a prominent impact on community living standards. These technologies prepare urban and rural dwellings for the transformation to the smart world.

Applications and techniques highlighted in the book use a combination of artificial intelligence and IoT technologies in areas like transportation, energy, healthcare, education, governance, and manufacturing, to name a few.

The book serves as a learning resource for smart city design and sustainable infrastructure planning. Scholars and professionals who are interested in understanding ways for transforming communities into smart communities can also benefit from the cases presented in the book.

Cultivators and livestock farmers are increasingly arranging innovative technical and scientific estimations with the aim to enhance agricultural sustainability, effectiveness, and plant health. Innovative farming technologies incorporate biology with smart technology (computers and sensor devices) exchanging information with one another autonomously in a structured farm management system.

This book presents reviews on innovative techniques and methodologies to complement conventional plant control and breeding attempts toward enhancing crop yield and production. Reviews covered in this volume include:

-Active compounds from pomegranate seeds

-Application of Enterococci and their bacteriocins for meat biopreservation

-Technological advancement in the detection and identification of plant pathogens

-Machine learning for precision agriculture

-Use of remote sensing technology and geographic information systems for agriculture and

environmental observation

The information presented in this volume will provide helpful updates for students, technology experts and professionals in the food security and sustainable agriculture sectors.

This book examines a wide range of emerging sources off water pollution. It consists of thirteen chapters dedicated to the topic, giving readers comprehensive information about the types of materials involved and the solution for their removal.

The first five chapters present an analysis of the emerging water pollutants, their toxicities, legislations available to monitor and regulate their emissions. This introduction is followed by 3 chapters that cover risk assessment of emerging pollutants, their fate and life cycle assessment. The last section of the book goes through the details of remediation technologies for wastewater treatment.

This reference is equally suitable for academia, industry professionals and students, presenting state-of-the-art learnings on emerging water pollutants and their remediation methods.

Environmental Law in the Russian Federation presents a comprehensive textbook on the current state of environmental legislation of the Russian Federation. The textbook is divided into three sections that are ordered for an increasing level of specialization in the subject.

- The first section (General Part) gives a definition of environmental law, formulates its principles and considers the sources of environmental law and legal relations. Readers will learn about the issues related to the ownership of natural resources, the legal framework and specifics of environmental protection and management, and associated human and civil rights. The distinguishing features of economic regulation in the area of environmental protection as well as issues of responsibility for environmental offenses are also covered.

- The second section (Special Part) sets forth the main environmental requirements for certain types of economic and other human activities and the specifics of environmental protection in areas with a special environmental legal regime (specially protected areas and ecological disaster zones). Chapters in this section consider the main areas of protection of certain natural objects (water, forests, land, etc.).

- The third section (Specialized Part) clarifies the main areas of international cooperation in the field of environmental protection and considers the main characteristics of the environmental protection experience of other countries.

The textbook is an essential reference for law and business students in Russian schools. It is also of interest to entrepreneurs planning ventures in Russia and researchers involved in comparative legal analysis.

Pollution of the aquatic environment is a real threat across the globe. It is becoming a topic of intense study for researchers. It has been updated and almost completely revised. The Mediterranean Sea has been recognized as a target hotspot of the world as the pollutant concentration in this region is greater than the levels in other oceans.

The book summarizes research on marine pollutants in the Mediterranean Sea. It presents 5 concise reviews focusing on microplastics, rare earth elements and biotoxins & which are now commonly found in the region. The Editors also emphasize on pollution problems in the Mediterranean region, with 2 chapters presenting studies on Lebanon and Morocco, respectively. The book adds to the collective information on Mediterranean marine pollution. Additionally, references are included at the end of each chapter for the benefit of advanced readers. The contributions also include discussions on important techniques used to monitor and control marine pollution, such as the bio-monitoring of effluents, and ecological impact assessment of microplastic pollution on fish and the environment.

The knowledge of plant responses to various abiotic stresses is crucial to understand their underlying mechanisms as well as the methods to develop new varieties of crops, which are better suited to the environment they are grown in. Environmental Stress Physiology of Plants and Crop Productivity provides readers a timely update on the knowledge about plant responses to a variety of stresses such as salinity, temperature, drought, oxidative stress and mineral deficiencies. Chapters focus on biochemical mechanisms identified in plants crucial to adapting to specific abiotic stressors along with the methods of improving plant tolerance. The book also sheds light on plant secondary metabolites such as phenylpropanoids and plant growth regulators in ameliorating the stressful conditions in plants. Additional chapters present an overview of applications of genomics, proteomics and metabolomics (including CRISPR/CAS techniques) to develop abiotic stress tolerant crops. The editors have also provided detailed references for extended reading to support the information in the book.

Environmental Stress Physiology of Plants and Crop Productivity is an informative reference for scholars and researchers working in the field of botany, agriculture, crop science and physiology, soil science, and environmental sciences.

Multidisciplinary research involving crystallography, kinetic studies, molecular docking, genetics and other techniques in biochemistry has yielded a wealth of knowledge about the reaction mechanisms in cellular processes. This knowledge has allowed researchers to understand, in a better way, the normal functioning of the cell process, which is used as a reference point for learning about and preventing or correcting pathologies that cause diseases.

This enzymology reference is a thorough compendium about reaction mechanisms occurring between the major enzymes related to the biosynthetic pathways of 3 important types of biological compounds – 6-carbon carbohydrates, fatty acids and amino acids – and their substrates, cofactors and residues. Readers will gain an understanding of the interaction between substrates or ligands with specific amino acid residues in biosynthetic enzymes. This understanding builds a foundation for learning about the biochemistry of different inhibitors used in the treatment of several diseases such as cancer, infectious diseases, and metabolic syndrome alterations such as diabetes and obesity.

Enzymes covered in the book include aldolases, isomerases, kinases, mutases, synthases, dehydrogenases, reductases, transferases, hydrolases, lyases among others, all of which are wide spread in biochemical transformations.

This reference, with its insights on common biochemical enzymes serves as a handy guide for students, researchers and professionals involved academia or industry related to pharmaceutical development, healthcare, food chemistry and other disciplines.

This handbook covers some primary instruments-based techniques used in modern biological science and medical research programs. Key features of the book include introductory notes for each topic, a systematic presentation of relevant methods, and troubleshooting guides for practical settings.

Topics covered in part 2 include:

· Fourier transform mid-infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy

· High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)

· Raman spectroscopy

· Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy

· Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)

· Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)

· SEM-EDX and its applications in plant science

This book is a simple, useful handbook for students and teachers involved in graduate courses in life sciences and medicine. Readers will learn about the basics of featured techniques, the relevant applications and the established protocols.

Evaluating the impact of Laws Regulating Illicit Drugs on Health and Society serves as an informative reference for social science researchers and policymakers on the science behind drug regulation. The book presents contributions from many leading researchers in drug law and policy evaluation. The 12 chapters highlight scientific evidence from a diverse range of international projects on evaluation of different illicit drug laws. Each contribution takes policies into account while also using methodological tools and relevant data sets. For a priori evaluation, the modern leximetric approach is applied to compare different drug laws. For posterior evaluation the analysis of social and health outcomes, using standard and new indicators are presented, discussed and applied. Next, the book covers the use of drug market estimation methods in policy research. Specific new indicators allowing the evaluation of interventions such as harm reduction and prevention are presented and analysed using international research data. The book concludes with a summary of the links of illegal drug market gains with corruption, and its consequences. Evaluating the impact of Laws Regulating Illicit Drugs on Health and Society gives readers a unique, evidence-based perspective on the relationship between drugs, laws, policy and socioeconomic conditions. Key Features 1. Features 12 contributions from international experts on drug legislation and social science 2. Demonstrates evidence-based evaluation of drug laws and policies 3. Highlights Leximetric and forecast methods applied to illicit drug laws with examples 4. Highlights the use of standard and new socioeconomic indicators to evaluate drug laws and policies 5. Informs readers about different policy approaches to drug regulation and their consequences 6. Summarizes the links of illegal drug markets with corruption 7. Provides detailed references for further reading

Exercises in Organic Synthesis Based on Synthetic Drugs presents information on topics about the synthesis of biologically active compounds which are used against a range of diseases in both humans and animals. Topics are supplemented by notes and exercises for students to stimulate inquiry and learning in the academic environment. Readers will be equipped with basic knowledge of synthetic techniques used in organic chemistry and pharmaceutical research and development.

Key Features:

- Presents information about different techniques and strategies for the synthesis of organic compounds

- Covers a broad range of biologically active compounds

- Easy to read topical presentation

- Exercises, with answers, designed for improving concepts in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry

- Wide range of bibliographic references for further reading and exercises presented,

Exercises in Organic Synthesis Based on Synthetic Drugs is an essential textbook for students in beginner level courses in organic chemistry, organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry.

This book offers in-depth reviews of different techniques and novel approaches of using blockchain and artificial intelligence in smart healthcare services. The volume brings 14 reviews and research articles written by academicians, researchers and industry professionals to give readers a current perspective of smart healthcare solutions for medical and public health services.

The book starts with examples of how blockchain can be applied in healthcare services such as the care of osteoporosis patients and security. Several chapters review AI models for disease detection including breast cancer, colon cancer and anemia. The authors have included model design and parameters for the benefit of professionals who want to implement specific algorithms. Furthermore, the book also includes chapters on IoT frameworks for smart healthcare systems, giving readers a primer on how to utilize the technology in this sector. Additional use cases for machine learning for gesture learning. COVID-19 management, and sentiment analysis.

Extremophiles: Diversity, Adaptation and Applications brings up-to-date knowledge about different types of extremophiles, the fascinating group of microorganisms that love to live in extreme environmental conditions. The book consists of fourteen chapters, of which, the first provides an overview of all the major types of extremophiles and the relationship with their respective extreme environments. The chapters following this introduction explain the diversity of prokaryotes based on environmental conditions, adaptation mechanisms, and industrial applications. The book concludes with a summary of the diverse biotechnological and industrial applications of extremophiles, emphasizing the importance of these microorganisms for human welfare. The book is intended as a primary textbook reference that enriches the knowledge base of scholars in the field of microbiology and biotechnology. It can also serve as a secondary reference for anyone who is interested in research on extremophiles. Key Features: - Covers all the major types of extremophiles, including hyperthermophiles, psychrophiles, halophiles, acidophiles, alkaliphiles, xerophiles, oligotrophs, chemolithotrophs, anaerobes and others - Provides a fundamental overview of the microbiology of extreme environments - Supplements fundamentals with information about industrial and scientific applications - Presents information in a simple structured format suitable for learners - Includes references for further reading

Reinventing Technological Innovations with Artificial Intelligence delves into the transformative impact of Augmented and Virtual Reality (AVR) technology across industries. The book explores the merging of real and digital worlds, paving the way for personalized experiences in areas such as tourism, marketing, education, and more. With the potential to redefine business practices and societal norms in the era of Industry 4.0, AVR technologies hold untapped potential beyond gaming and entertainment. This volume presents a comprehensive overview of the current landscape, challenges, and prospects of integrating AVR with Artificial Intelligence (AI) for innovation and sustainability in various domains. The book presents 11 edited chapters contributed by technology and innovation experts that explore applications of AI, AR and VR technologies in different sectors in both public and private sectors. The editors have included reviews of technologies that impact human resource management, corporate social responsibility, healthcare, supply chain and criminal investigation. The reviews also highlight the role of AI in sustainable agriculture and smart cities.

Key Features:

Unveils the role of AVR in transforming real surroundings into digitally enhanced personal experiences.

Explores AVR's applications beyond gaming in diverse sectors like marketing, construction, education, and more.

Discusses challenges such as technical limitations, high costs, and resistance to adopting AVR.

Addresses the need to enhance the reliability and effectiveness of AVR technologies in various industries.

Provides a comprehensive perspective on AI innovations, AR, and VR technologies with real-world examples.

The book is an informative reference for researchers, professionals, and experts in technology, innovation, who are interested in the convergence of Augmented and Virtual Reality with AI for practical applications in diverse industries.

This book presents a review of the transformative impact of fintech and blockchain technologies on the financial industry. The book aims to bridge the gap between technical jargon and practical understanding, making it accessible to a wide audience. It begins by introducing fundamental concepts and tracing the evolution of these technologies. Subsequent chapters explore specific applications such as digital payments, lending, and investment management. The final sections address regulatory challenges, security concerns, and the future outlook for fintech and blockchain.

Key features of the book include a I) clear and concise explanation of complex technical concepts, making them understandable for both industry professionals and general readers, ii) real-world case studies and examples to illustrate the practical applications of fintech and blockchain, iii) insights into the regulatory environment and potential risks associated with these technologies and iv) a forward-looking perspective on the future of finance,

Readers will understand the intricacies of blockchain, including its underlying technology, smart contracts, and potential use cases in the financial sector. It also helps readers to anticipate industry trends.

Foods for Special Dietary Regimens is an overview of alimentation for people with specific medical conditions. Each of the nine featured chapters describes a recommended diet with special reference to the lifestyle or disease conditions in a specific patient group. The book covers a diverse range of patient groups that have special nutritional requirements including the elderly, athletes, vegetarians, diabetics and phenylketonurics to name a few. Diets for individuals affected by specific diseases such as celiac disease, autism, dyslipidemia, and COVID-19 are also recommended. Readers will gain a broad perspective about special dietary regimens, including information about what works and what does not for different patient groups, and potential avenues of research in this area.

Key Features:

- 9 chapters organized into a simple reader-friendly format

- guidelines for patient groups on lifestyle

- information for patient groups based on different clinically relevant diseases (including COVID-19)

- information about general concepts and clinical research

- references for further reading

This book presents research focused on the design of fractal antennas using bio-inspired computing techniques. The authors present designs for fractal antennas having desirable features like size reduction characteristics, enhanced gain, and improved bandwidths. The research is summarized in six chapters which highlight the important issues related to fractal antenna design and the mentioned computing techniques. Chapters demonstrate several applied concepts and techniques used in the process such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), Genetic Algorithms (GAs), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFO). The work aims to provide cost-effective and efficient solutions to the demand for compact antennas due to the increasing demand for reduced sizes of components in modern wireless communication devices.

A key feature of the book includes an extensive literature survey to understand the concept of fractal antennas, their features, and design approaches. Another key feature is the systematic approach to antenna design. The book explains how the IE3D software is used to simulate various fractal antennas, and how the results can be used to select a design. This is followed by ANN model development and testing for optimization, and an exploration of ANN ensemble models for the design of fractal antennas.

The bio-inspired computing techniques based on GA, PSO, and BFO are developed to find the optimal design of the proposed fractal antennas for the desired applications. The performance comparison of the given computing techniques is also explained to demonstrate how to select the best algorithm for a given bio-inspired design. Finally, the book explains how to evaluate antenna designs.

This book is a valuable resource for students (from UG to PG levels) and research scholars undertaking learning modules or projects on microstrip and patch antenna design in communications or electronics engineering courses.

This reference explores the science of signaling mechanisms associated with diseases like endocrine, metabolic, and immune disorders which are linked to oxidative stress-mediated disease mechanisms. The common diseases in these categories include diabetes mellitus and arthritis and conditions defined by inflammation and autoimmunity. These diseases involve metabolic pathways mediated by reactive oxygen species or free radicals. The pathways are targets in the mechanism of drugs that aim to treat related disorders. The book covers key topics in free radical biology that help to understand the nature of the pathways and the pharmacology of the drugs that are designed to target them.

5 chapters elucidate the free radical biology of the diseases.

1. Role of free radical biology in diabetes mellitus

2. Role of GSK3 in the regulation of insulin release and glucose metabolism

3. Regulatory role of NRF2 in rheumatoid arthritis

4. Role of free radical biology in Alzheimer's disease

5. Regulatory role of immune cells mediated antibody on rheumatoid arthritis Key features:

- Elucidates the key biochemical and pharmacological mechanisms that are mediated by free radicals in common endocrine, metabolic and immune diseases

- Explains the activation of immunological factors (like RF and ACPA) that trigger inflammation and arthritis

- Covers the role of free radicals in Alzheimer's disease and new interventions that target mitochondrial mechanisms

- Systematically explains the molecular biology of free radicals with the help of schematic diagrams

- Includes references for further reading The accessible and structured text in this reference makes it a suitable resource for all biomedical scientists, faculty, and postgraduate students in academia and industry.

Frontiers in Anti-Infective Drug Discovery is a valuable resource for pharmaceutical scientists and post-graduate students seeking updated and critically important information for developing clinical trials and devising research plans in this field.

The tenth volume of this series features 4 reviews on the following topics:

-Pharmacotherapy of Posterior Segment Ocular Infections

-Discovery and Development of Antimalarial Drug-Resistance Reversal Agents

-Omics Technologies and Anti-Infective Drug Discovery

-Possible Cutaneous Adverse Effects of Anti-Infective Vaccinations

Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research – Anti infectives is a book series that brings updated reviews to readers interested in learning about advances in the development of pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of infectious diseases. The scope of the book series covers a range of topics including the chemistry, pharmacology, molecular biology and biochemistry of natural and synthetic drugs employed in the treatment of infectious diseases. Reviews in this series also include research on multi drug resistance and pre-clinical / clinical findings on novel antibiotics, vaccines, antifungal agents and antitubercular agents. Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research – Anti infectives is a valuable resource for pharmaceutical scientists and postgraduate students seeking updated and critically important information for developing clinical trials and devising research plans in the field of anti infective drug discovery and epidemiology.

The eighth volume of this series presents comprehensive reviews of interest to readers interested in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, new antiviral agents and strategies, specific antiprotozoal drugs that work against leishmania and helminths, and a study on potential agents against American foulbrood in honey bees. The 7 reviews included in this volume are:

- Monoclonal antibodies as therapeutic agents for inflammatory diseases

- Pharmacotherapy of emerging antiviral agents

- Antiviral activity of vitamin D and COVID-19: current understanding

- Anti-infectives to combat leishmaniasis

- Anthelmintic drug discovery: current situation and future perspectives

- Therapeutic targets for emerging Zika virus infection and vaccines in clinical trials

- Agro-industrial waste: new source of raw material for the control of American foulbrood in honey bees

Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - CNS and Neurological Disorders is a book series that brings updated reviews to readers interested in advances in the development of pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) and other nerve disorders. The scope of the book series covers a range of topics including the medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, molecular biology and biochemistry of contemporary molecular targets involved in neurological and CNS disorders. Reviews presented in the series are mainly focused on clinical and therapeutic aspects of novel drugs intended for these targets. Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - CNS and Neurological Disorders is a valuable resource for pharmaceutical scientists and postgraduate students seeking updated and critical information for developing clinical trials and devising research plans in the field of neurology.

Volume 10 of the series continues to present novel information about new and interesting approaches to treat common neurological disorders, with a focus on neurodegeneration and pain medicine. The volume presents 7 detailed reviews in total.

- Neurodegenerative disease: prevention and treatment through plant extracts therapy

- Emerging novel approaches and recent advances in Parkinson`s disease treatment and diagnosis

- Neurotrophic factors to combat neurodegeneration

- Neural bases of executive function in ADHD children as assessed using FNIRS

- Modulation of mesenchymal stem cells, glial cells and the immune system by oligodeoxynucleotides as a novel multi-target therapeutic approach against chronic pain

- Chronic pain: focus on anticonvulsants

- A review of the impact of testosterone on brain and aging-related decline in brain behavioural function

Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - CNS and Neurological Disorders is a book series that brings updated reviews to readers interested in advances in the development of pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) and other nerve disorders. The scope of the book series covers a range of topics including the medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, molecular biology and biochemistry of contemporary molecular targets involved in neurological and CNS disorders. Reviews presented in the series are mainly focused on clinical and therapeutic aspects of novel drugs intended for these targets. Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - CNS and Neurological Disorders is a valuable resource for pharmaceutical scientists and postgraduate students seeking updated and critical information for developing clinical trials and devising research plans in neurology and allied disciplines.

The twelfth volume of this series features these reviews:

Chapter 1: Recent Drugs Tested in Clinical Trials for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases Treatment: Current Approaches in Tracking New Drugs

Chapter 2: Neurobiology of Placebo: Interpreting Its Evolutionary Origin, Meaning, Mechanisms, Monitoring, and Implications in Therapeutics

Chapter 3: Role of Gut Microbiota in Neuroinflammation and Neurological Disorders

Chapter 4: The Role of Age in Pediatric Tumors of the Central Nervous System

Chapter 5: Drug Repurposing in CNS and Clinical Trials: Recent Achievements and Perspectives Focusing on Epilepsy and Related Comorbidities

Chapter 6: Progress on the Development of Oxime Derivatives as a Potential Antidote for Organophosphorus Poisoning .

Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research – Diabetes and Obesity is a book series that brings updated reviews to readers interested in advances in the development of pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of two metabolic diseases – diabetes and obesity. The scope of the series covers a range of topics including the medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, molecular biology and biochemistry of natural and synthetic drugs affecting endocrine and metabolic processes linked with diabetes and obesity. Reviews in this series also include research on specific receptor targets and pre-clinical / clinical findings on novel pharmaceutical agents. Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research – Diabetes and Obesity is a valuable resource for pharmaceutical scientists and postgraduate students seeking updated and critically important information for developing clinical trials and devising research plans in the field of diabetes and obesity research.

The seventh volume of this series features 6 reviews on diabetes related topics for both medical specialists and pharmacologists.

- Clinical and diagnostic implications of glycated albumin in diabetes mellitus.

- Development of novel therapeutic groups and bioactive compounds from herbs for diabetes management

- Aspartame as a sugar substitute

- Mental health, adherence, and self-management among children with diabetes

- Cardioprotective effects of new generation anti-diabetic and lipid-lowering agents

- Epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of diabesity

Frontiers in Computational Chemistry presents contemporary research on molecular modeling techniques used in drug discovery and the drug development process: computer aided molecular design, drug discovery and development, lead generation, lead optimization, database management, computer and molecular graphics, and the development of new computational methods or efficient algorithms for the simulation of chemical phenomena including analyses of biological activity.

The sixth volume of this series features these six different perspectives on the application of computational chemistry in rational drug design:

- Computer-aided molecular design in computational chemistry

- The role of ensemble conformational sampling using molecular docking and dynamics in drug discovery

- Molecular dynamics applied to discover antiviral agents

- Pharmacophore modeling approach in drug discovery against the tropical infectious disease malaria

- Advances in computational network pharmacology for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) research

- Progress in electronic-structure based computational methods: from small molecules to large molecular systems of biological significance

Frontiers in Drug Design and Discovery is a book series devoted to publishing the latest and the most important advances in drug design and discovery. Eminent scientists have contributed chapters focused on all areas of rational drug design and drug discovery including medicinal chemistry, in-silico drug design, combinatorial chemistry, high-throughput screening, drug targets, and structure-activity relationships. This book series should prove to be of interest to all pharmaceutical scientists who are involved in research in drug design and discovery and who wish to keep abreast of rapid and important developments in the field.

Volume 11 of this series brings together reviews covering immunotherapy of sepsis, new antimalarials, and the medicinal use of onions for respiratory diseases, among other topics.

Topics included in this volume are:

- Heme-oxygenase and autophagy connected as a cytoprotective mechanism: potential therapeutic target

- Development of recombinant therapeutic proteins in animal cells: Challenges and solutions

- Artemisinin Analogues as a Novel Class of Antimalarial Agents: Recent Developments, Current Scenario and Future Perspectives

- The effects of Allium cepa and their derivatives on respiratory diseases and the possible mechanisms of these effects

- Immunotherapy of Sepsis

Frontiers in Medicinal Chemistry is a book series devoted to reviews on research topics relevant to medicinal chemistry and allied disciplines. Frontiers in Medicinal Chemistry covers developments in rational drug design, bioorganic chemistry, high-throughput screening, combinatorial chemistry, compound diversity measurements, drug absorption, drug distribution, metabolism, new and emerging drug targets, natural products, pharmacogenomics, chemoinformatics, and structure-activity relationships. This book series is essential for any medicinal chemist who wishes to be updated on the latest and the most important advances in the field.

This is the tenth volume of the series. The extensive volume brings 11 reviews on a variety of topics including anti-cancer drug therapeutics, food chemistry, toxicology and drug development strategies.

The list of topics in this volume includes:

Isoxazole derivatives as potential pharmacophore for new drug development

Contemporary trends in drug repurposing: identifying new targets for existing drugs

Pharmaceutical potential of pyrimidines as antiviral agents

Drugs and phytochemicals targeting cancer

Harnessing the neurological properties of indian brain health booster brahmi Carcinogenicity of hexavalent chromium and its effects

Medicinal plants: a future of modern medical system

Shikonin, a naphthaquinone of commercial importance: its biosynthesis and prospect for use as drugs Fast foods: chemical composition and implications for health Implications of DNA-acting agents as anticarcinogenic potential in breast cancer therapeutics

Aloe vera - a medicinal plant as potential therapeutic agents for liver cancer

Frontiers in Natural Product Chemistry is a book series devoted to important advances in natural product chemistry. The series features volumes that cover all aspects of research in the chemistry and biochemistry of naturally occurring compounds, including research on natural substances derived from plants, microbes and animals. Reviews of structure elucidation, biological activity, organic and experimental synthesis of natural products as well as developments of new methods are also included in the series.

Volume 11 of the series brings together 5 reviews:

- Medicinal importance of turmeric (curcuma longa) and its natural products

- Novel natural compounds for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment

- Herbal drug substitution (abhava-pratinidhi dravya): a key to stopping economic adulteration of botanical ingredients

- Synthetic and natural agents as bacterial biofilm inhibitors

- Quercetin chemistry, structural modifications, SAR studies and therapeutic applications: an update