Bentham Science Publishers

This volume presents information about several topics in the field of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) study of carbon-containing nanomaterials. It introduces the reader to an array of experimental and theoretical approaches for the analysis of paramagnetic centers (dangling bonds, interface defects, vacancies, and impurities) usually observed in modern carbon-containing materials such as nanographites, graphene, disordered onion-like carbon nanospheres (DOLCNS), single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), nanodiamonds, silicon carbonitride (SiCN) and silicon carbide (SiC) based composites and thin films.

In particular, the book describes in detail:

• The fundamentals of EPR spectroscopy and its application to the carbon-containing materials;

• The resolution of the EPR signals from different species in carbon materials;

• EPR characterization of spin dynamics in carbon nanomaterials;

• Magnetic properties of DWCNTs and MWCNTs polymer composites;

• EPR investigations on GO, rGO and CNTs with different chemical functionalities;

• EPR spectroscopy of semiconducting SWCNTs thin films and their transistors;

• In-situ EPR investigations of the oxygenation processes in coal and graphene materials;

• The two-temperature EPR measurement method applied to carbonaceous solids;

• Characterization of impurities in nanodiamonds and SiC nanomaterials and related size effects by CW and pulse EPR techniques;

• Application of multifrequency EPR to the study of paramagnetic defects in a-Si1-xCx:H thin films and a-SiCxNy based composites.

This volume is a useful guide for researchers interested in the EPR study of paramagnetic centers in the carbon-containing thin films, nanomaterials, ceramics, etc. It is also a valuable teaching tool at graduate and postgraduate levels for advanced courses in analytical chemistry, applied sciences and spectroscopy.

Elements Of Clinical Study Design, Biostatistics & Research is designed as a toolbox for biomedical researchers. The book's primary focus is on applications in clinical research, and will benefit students and researchers involved in the biomedical field. This book addresses the problems that many practitioners experience in choosing and implementing fit-for-purpose data analysis methods to answer critical inferential questions for binomial and count data. The book is written in simple language avoiding complex derivations and mathematical formulae allowing it to explain the most basic concepts of research methodology. Making good use of numerous tables, graphs and tips, this book demystifies the process for readers.

7 structured Chapters take the reader through the entire research process: choosing a question, designing a study, collecting the data, using univariate, bivariate, and multivariable analysis, and publishing the results. Each chapter discusses the strengths and weaknesses of the methods and suggests practical recommendations. An appendix on ethical research guidelines, along with a glossary and reference list comprehensively round up the book contents.

It gives students and practitioners a multidisciplinary understanding of the concepts and techniques involved in designing, monitoring, and analyzing various types of studies. The book's balanced set of homework assignments and in-class exercises are appropriate for students and researchers in the areas of biostatistics, epidemiology, medicine, pharmacy, and public health.

This reference provides an update on current therapies to treat neglected diseases, a class of diseases that primarily affect tropical regions where investment in research and development is limited.

The book starts with an introduction to neglected diseases followed by reviews of therapeutic strategies to overcome the impact of neglected diseases. This is followed by updated information for handling leprosy, dengue, lymphatic filariasis, dracunculiasis, helminthiasis, Chagas’ disease, neurocysticercosis, leishmaniasis, rabies, trematodiasis, buruli ulcer and trachoma in 10 focused chapters, respectively. The chapters provide information on disease mechanism, transmission and management protocols, along with scientific references. The book serves as a resource for healthcare professionals, and scholars who need a detailed understanding of these infectious diseases.

This reference distills information about emerging technologies and applications for smart city design and sustainable urban planning. Chapters present technology use-cases that have radical novelty and high scalability with a prominent impact on community living standards. These technologies prepare urban and rural dwellings for the transformation to the smart world.

Applications and techniques highlighted in the book use a combination of artificial intelligence and IoT technologies in areas like transportation, energy, healthcare, education, governance, and manufacturing, to name a few.

The book serves as a learning resource for smart city design and sustainable infrastructure planning. Scholars and professionals who are interested in understanding ways for transforming communities into smart communities can also benefit from the cases presented in the book.

Cultivators and livestock farmers are increasingly arranging innovative technical and scientific estimations with the aim to enhance agricultural sustainability, effectiveness, and plant health. Innovative farming technologies incorporate biology with smart technology (computers and sensor devices) exchanging information with one another autonomously in a structured farm management system.

This book presents reviews on innovative techniques and methodologies to complement conventional plant control and breeding attempts toward enhancing crop yield and production. Reviews covered in this volume include:

-Active compounds from pomegranate seeds

-Application of Enterococci and their bacteriocins for meat biopreservation

-Technological advancement in the detection and identification of plant pathogens

-Machine learning for precision agriculture

-Use of remote sensing technology and geographic information systems for agriculture and

environmental observation

The information presented in this volume will provide helpful updates for students, technology experts and professionals in the food security and sustainable agriculture sectors.

Advances in biochemistry, molecular biology, virology, and structural biology have enabled the researchers in veterinary medicine to make many exciting discoveries that have, in some cases, conceptually revolutionized our understanding of the discipline.

Emerging Trends in Veterinary Virology is a review of selected topics about viral infections in animals. 11 chapters cover recent findings about specific viruses that infect a variety of hosts. The contents cover several types of veterinary infections in birds (Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT), avian leucosis), cats (feline rabies), dogs (canine distemper), bovines (viral leukemia) and equines (hendra virus disease). Additionally, special topics such as the epidemiology of veterinary zoonoses and SARS are also covered.

The book provides updated information for researchers (virologists, microbiologists), students and veterinarians, alike.

The endocannabinoid system comprises at least two G-protein-coupled receptors (the cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors) activated by marijuana's psychoactive principle ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and the endogenous ligands known as endocannabinoids. The apex of endocannabinoid research seems to have been reached with the clinical development, and also in some cases, the marketing, of synthetic or natural pharmaceuticals targeting this signalling system, which followed the understanding of the physiological and pathological role of endocannabinoids in several conditions, a role that was investigated first in rodent experimental models and then in humans.

Endocannabinoids: Molecular, Pharmacological, Behavioral and Clinical Features is a monograph that presents interesting manuscripts selected by the editor on the subject. Chapters in this book include original research or reviews which report the relevance of the endocannabinoid system by describing the results of experimental evidence about the neurobiological role of the endocannabinoid system. The main topics include, but are not limited to:

*The genetics of cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors and their tissue distribution, their splicing variants and polymorphisms, and the possible implications of all this in determining different behaviours as well as various pathological conditions and the addiction to substances of abuse.

*Pharmacological approaches describing the potential use in the central nervous system disorders of endocannabinoid-based drugs, such as cannabinoid receptor agonists and antagonists, inhibitors of endocannabinoid inactivation processes, and even plant cannabinoids other than THC and with a molecular mechanism of action.

*The role of the endocannabinoid system in several neurological and neuropsychiatric conditions, such as epilepsy.

The volume would be a great interest to neuropharmacologists, physiologists and biochemists who aim to learn about the endocannabinoid system in detail.

Neuroendoscopy and Interventional Pain Medicine is a clinically focused medical monograph series. With contributions from a team of internationally recognized neurosurgeons and spinal surgery specialists, the series aims to illuminate the latest advancements in minimally invasive neurosurgical techniques and pain management. Each volume offers invaluable insights into the future of minimally invasive treatments in this medical subspecialty.

Endoscopy and Fetoscopy Techniques for the Brain and Neuroaxis is the second of the monograph series. The book covers advanced endoscopic techniques for brain and spinal surgeries. Topics include visualization of the brain, endoscopic approaches to the sellar region, fetoscopy treatments for myelomeningocele, and methods for cancer pain relief. It also discusses endoscopic correction of craniosynostosis in children, complications like autonomic dysreflexia, and the importance of identifying the Adamkiewicz system in spinal procedures.

Key Features

- Covers a wide range of topics in neuroendoscopy and interventional pain medicine

- Emphasizes evidence-based approaches to treatment

- Offers clinical perspectives from expert surgeons

- Includes scientific references for researchers and advanced learners

It is an essential resource for readers who need to enhance their understanding of the latest technological advancements in neuroendoscopy and interventional pain medicine and apply these innovative techniques to improve patient outcomes.

This e-book focuses on the vibrational and nonlinear aspects of plate and shell structure dynamics by applying the finite element model. Specifically, shell finite elements employed in the computational studies included in this book are the mixed formulation based lower order flat triangular shell finite elements. Topics in the book are covered over nine chapters, including the theoretical background for the vibration analysis of plates and shells, vibration analysis of plate structures, shells with single curvature, shells with double curvatures, and box structures (single-cell and double-cell) and the theoretical development for the nonlinear dynamic analysis of plate and shell structures. In addition to presenting the steps in the derivations of the consistent element stiffness and mass matrices, constitutive relations of elastic materials and elasto-plastic materials with isotropic strain hardening, yield criterion, return mapping, configuration and stress updating strategies, and numerical algorithms are presented and discussed. The book is a suitable reference for advanced undergraduates and post-graduate level engineering students, research engineers, and scientists working in the field of applied physics and engineering.