Bentham Science Publishers

This reference book is the definitive guide to drone honey bees. The book equips readers with all the knowledge they need to know about drone bee biology and development, their role in the colony and improving the health of their colony. The book starts by providing a detailed review of the development of drone honey bees, their biology, morphometric features, interaction with the Queen and the haploid parthenogenesis. The book then delves into the pheromone profile and mating behavior of drones. Further, the book describes artificial drone rearing techniques that facilitate healthy bee colony growth and increase apiculture productivity) including their genomic contributions). Key Features - 6 reader-friendly chapters that comprehensively present information about drone honey bees - Coverage about drone bee biology, including their physical morphology, development and behavior (including queen interactions) - Information about the role of drones in colonial organization and life-cycle events - Practical information that helps to improve bee colony health for research and apiculture The book is an essential primary reference on drone honey bees for biology and entomology students, academicians and researchers at all educational levels. Apiculturists, bee keeping enthusiasts, and general readers interested in honey bees can also benefit from the breadth of information presented.

The Evolution of Radionanotargeting towards Clinical Precision Oncology is a remarkable book honoring Professor Kalevi Kairemo, who is known among academic and medical circles as a pioneer in novel radiolabeled therapeutics. This festschrift provides an overview of key advances in the field of radionanotargeting, and the directions for future development in patient care. Prof Kairemo's research is based on multiomics, which involves multiple elements: genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, microbiomics, epigenomics, exposome, imaging, and precision medicine, which is reflected by the unique collection of articles presented. The articles start from the angle of radionanotargeting and theragnostics leading to imaging and therapy, which includes sections for thyroid cancer, head and neck cancer, genitourinary cancers and neuroendocrine neoplasms. Theragnostics, nanoparticles and precision oncology have also been covered in their own segments, while also giving a glimpse of research in metabolic imaging, cardiovascular radionuclide imaging, and bone therapies. The sequence of chapters demonstrates how, through Professor Kairemo's efforts, radionanotargeting has evolved to a practice changing therapeutic approach in the clinic, particularly in oncology. Finally, Professor Kairemo's own memoir, Seven decades in health care and memoirs from colleagues including a personal introduction to him with a photographic cavalcade reveals the world of a multitasking person with a multidisciplinary approach to science, that ushered his development of significant expertise across the fields of chemistry, biology, engineering, physics and clinical medicine. This book is excellent for medical historians, trainees and specialists in clinical and radiological oncology in expanding their understanding of the role of radionuclide imaging over the years, making it an ideal tribute that belongs in the library of anyone involved in the field.

This e-book reviews environmental impacts of ski tourism in mountain environments. Specifically, the book addresses skiing impacts on soils, vegetation, vertebrate and invertebrate animals living in such habitats. Additional chapters also explain the methods for the restoration of disturbed sites at high altitude and snow cover in a changing climate.

The e-book is therefore a compilation on the latest knowledge on environmental impacts of skiing and is intended to be a standard reference for ecologists, students and universities, business professionals (ski-resort managers), regional governmental organizations, conservation agencies and non-governmental organizations (NGOs).

The field of sleep medicine has gone through tremendous evolution since the discovery of REM sleep in 1953 and remarkable research in recent years has led to multiple advances in sleep medicine. Approvals for new medicines for treating sleep disorders along with new evidence-based interventions for insomnia and sleep apnea, have transformed sleep medicine into a medical specialty in its own right.

The Latest Trends in Sleep Medicine reviews the most important improvements in sleep medicine, with contributions from over fifteen international and respected experts in the discipline. Ten chapters cover topics of interest to healthcare professionals who are focused on somnology such as the management of sleep disorders, restless leg syndrome, sleep apnea medication and surgery, REM sleep behavior disorder and cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia. In addition to these topics in medicine, the contributors present broader picture of sleep medicine by reviewing secondary topics such as sleep and aging, and driving safety.

The Latest Trends in Sleep Medicine will be useful to healthcare professionals seeking to improve their understanding about contemporary sleep medicine. It also serves as a timely update for respiratory and sleep medicine clinicians, whose efforts are still needed in treating and improving the quality and length of life in patients with complex sleep disorders. Audience: Healthcare professionals, residents and students in general, respiratory and sleep medicine sub specialties.

The queen honey bee is known to mate with multiple drones, and can produce over a million offspring in its lifetime. Its presence is vital to the growth and survival of a beehive. This reference book is a detailed guide to queen honey bees. The book starts by providing deep insights into the fascinating biology of the queen honey bees, their morphometric features, developmental synchronicity, genetics, hormones, pheromones, colonial organization and swarming. Further, the book describes artificial queen rearing techniques that facilitate healthy bee colony growth and increase apiculture productivity. The book equips readers with all the knowledge they need to know about queen bee development, their role in the colony and improving the health of their colony. Key Features - 14 reader-friendly chapters that comprehensively present information about queen honey bees - Comprehensive coverage about queen bee biology, including their physical morphology, genetics, proteomics, development and behavior (including worker and drone interactions) - Information about the role of queen bees in colonial organization and life-cycle events - Practical information that helps to improve bee colony health for research and apiculture (disease mechanisms and control, artificial breeding) The book is an essential primary reference on queen honey bees for biology and entomology students, academicians and researchers at all educational levels. Apiculturists, bee keeping enthusiasts, and general readers interested in honey bees can also benefit from the breadth of information presented.

This volume is a review of recent developments, opportunities, and challenges in the conversion of biomass from different sources to biodiesel or related fuel additives. Key features of the book include fully referenced chapters edited by experts, a blend of basic and current information on biodiesel and a summary of sustainable use of biodiesel byproducts like glycerol.

The volume presents a comprehensive range of 13 topics related to biodiesel production and fuel additives. It begins with a historical overview of biodiesel and related additives, followed by detailed chapters on biodiesel production from various sources such as soybean oil, palm oil, and Jatropha curcas oil. Recent advancements in catalytic thermochemical conversions of biomass into biofuels are explored, alongside discussions on algal biocrude as a feedstock. The role of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis in biodiesel production is examined, along with innovative techniques such as microwave and ultrasound-assisted synthesis. The book also presents information about the utilization of waste cooking oil and waste-derived catalysts, concluding with insights into solketal synthesis and catalytic biodiesel production via simultaneous esterification and transesterification.

The book imparts the technical know-how on biodiesel and relevant fuel additives for engineering and sustainability students, professionals and apprentices. It also informs policymakers in the energy sector on the benefits of biodiesel as a renewable energy resource.

Chromene is a naturally abundant heterocyclic compound found in alkaloids, tocopherols, terpenes and other compounds. Its derivatives can be used as a scaffold that exhibits pharmacological activity in the human body.

Chromene drugs and related bioactive molecules are the prime focus of this reference. It presents 13 thoroughly researched chapters that comprehensively cover all aspects about the molecule. Starting with a detailed introduction to its role and importance in drug discovery, the book goes into the details of chromene structure, synthesis and pharmacology. Readers can gain knowledge of different commercial medicines based on chromene and its pharmacological activity against different diseases. The elaborate topics in the book will help researchers working on chromene based drugs.

Key highlights of the book include:

- Complete coverage of chromene's role in nature and drug development with references to historical background and current developments

- References to commercial and preclinical drugs and patents of interest

- Explanation of chromene bioacivity in different diseases (antioxidant, antidiabetic, antinflammatory, antibacterial and antifungal activities, antitumour, immunomodulatory activity)

- Explanation of chromene activity against SARS-Cov2

This e-book is based on a critical evaluation of existing literature on salivary cortisol, aiming to evaluate the utility of salivary cortisol as a biomarker in various settings. It focuses on how different ways of evaluating levels of salivary cortisol may have an impact on the interpretation of cortisol measurements in various contexts.

This e-book focuses on salivary cortisol in relation to the following topics: psychosocial work environment (effort reward imbalance and job demand vs control model), psychosocial resources (mastery, perceived control, sense of coherence), psychosocial risk factors (perceived stress, depression, vital exhaustion, burn-out), sleep quality, biological markers (bodily factors, cardiovascular risk factors, inflammation and metabolism) and somatic outcome.

This ebook should serve as a reference for studies planned to adopt cortisol as an assessment tool.

The Roles and Responsibilities of Clinical Pharmacists in Hospital Settings is a comprehensive textbook designed to equip graduate pharmacy students and residents with the essential skills and knowledge needed for effective clinical pharmacy practice in hospitals. This book emphasizes the multidisciplinary nature of clinical pharmacy and the importance of adhering to international guidelines and standards.

The book provides an overview of hospital pharmacy practice with an introduction to the essential requirements of a hospital environment, followed by a detailed exploration of clinical pharmacist roles across major medical subspecialties, including internal medicine, infectious diseases, intensive care, pediatrics, cardiology, and oncology.

Key Features

General and specialized Roles: Comprehensively covers different aspects of clinical pharmacology from basics to medical subspecialties

Practical Insights: Offers practical tools, reference resources, and strategies for clinical pharmacy practice across different hospital departments.

Advanced Practice: Guides readers from foundational knowledge to advanced clinical pharmacy practices, preparing them for specialized roles within hospital settings.

Global Standards: Highlights the importance of multidisciplinary education and adherence to global clinical pharmacy standards.

This textbook is an essential resource for pharmacy students, specialist assistants, and anyone pursuing a career in clinical pharmacy.

The Vertebrate Pigmentary System: From pigment cells to Disorders provides readers with fundamental knowledge of the structural and functional aspects of vertebrate pigment cells - melanophores and melanocytes - from their origin to different stages of development to related diseases. Chapters of the book explain the specific regulatory receptors and markers, signaling pathways of skin melanocytes along with the diseases (hypopigmentation and hyperpigmentation) in humans associated with their disruption. Concurrently, the etiologies of pigmentary disorders and the various therapeutic approaches for their treatment are presented in focused chapters of the book with updated information from recent publications. A summary of natural product based treatment for hypopigmentation and hyperpigmentation rounds up the contents.

This reference is a basic guide for medical students and dermatology residents, and a handy source of information for students, researchers, academicians in the field of pigment cell biology, pharmacology and cosmetology.

Triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) are a biologically aggressive form of breast cancer and constitute approximately 10-15% of all breast cancer patients. Distant metastasis, lack of clinically targeted therapies and prognostic markers, makes the disease difficult to treat. Till now not much work has been carried out on this deadly disease. This book provides an overview of TNBC etiology, its treatment strategies and prognostic markers to identify the outcome of standard therapies. Signalling pathways namely cell proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis, apoptosis, autophagy and others involved in complicating the disease have been described in the chapters to convey an understanding about the disease mechanisms. All the possible drugs either in pre-clinical or clinical stages have also been mentioned with data that depicts their efficiency in targeting altered genes. The book also introduces the reader to herbal medicine exhibiting high potency to target TNBC, their synthetic analogs used during chemotherapy and their ability to fight against chemoresistance. The concept of phytonanotechnology has also been discussed. The book helps create awareness among a broad range of readers about TNBC. It points to prioritizing the upgradation of health care facilities and re-designing future treatment strategies to provide maximum benefit to breast cancer patients.

Nanotechnology has revolutionized cancer diagnosis and therapy through targeted drug delivery. Advances in protein engineering and materials science have led to the development of nanocarriers (NCs), which have helped overcome the challenges faced during conventional cancer treatment. These nanocarriers serve as an efficient transport module for drugs. Nano-drug delivery has emerged as a promising technology that results in early detection and better treatment of various cancers. The approved nanoparticles currently used in cancer treatment strategies include liposomes, dendrimers, polyplexes, solid lipid nano-carriers, etc. These nanocarriers shall provide a quick, safe, and cost-effective method in cancer therapy and management. This book contains thirteen chapters focusing on the treatment of various cancers, i.e., lung, breast, cervical, ovarian, colon, prostate, head and neck, etc., through nanocarrier drugs. The chapters include reviews on a wide variety of advanced data from existing and ongoing clinical research and major regulatory considerations.

Thermal Cycles of Heat Recovery Power Plants presents information about thermal power plant cycles suitable for waste heat recovery (WHR) in modern power plants. The author covers five thermal power cycles: organic Rankine cycle (ORC), organic flash cycle (OFC), Kalina cycle (KC), steam Rankine cycle (SRC) and steam flash cycle (SFC) with the working fluids of R123, R124, R134a, R245fa, R717 and R407C. The handbook helps the reader to understand the latest power plant technologies suitable for utilizing the waste heat generated by thermal industrial processes.

Key Features:

- Comprehensive modeling, simulation, analysis and optimization of 5 power cycle types with different working fluids

- Clear information about the processes and solutions of thermal power cycles to augment the power generation with improved energy conversion.

- Simple, reader friendly presentation

- bibliographic references after each chapter for further reading

This handbook is suitable for engineering students in degree courses and professionals in training programs who require resources on advanced thermal power plant operation and optimal waste heat recovery processes, respectively. It is also a handy reference for energy conversion efficiency in heat recovery power plants. The book is also of interest to any researchers interested in industrial applications of thermodynamic processes.

Thin Film Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties and Innovative Energy Applications provides a comprehensive overview of the synthesis, properties, and cutting-edge applications of thin film nanomaterials. Each chapter explores different aspects of thin film synthesis and its application in energy devices, showcasing different metal-based and carbon nanomaterials .

The book begins with a discussion on the synthesis and characterization of cadmium and zinc sulphide thin films for opto-electronics energy devices. Subsequent chapters delve into critical reviews of CIGS thin film nanomaterials, deposition techniques for metal oxide nanocomposite films, and nanostructured TiO2@carbon films for photocatalytic applications.

Bandgap engineering, optical properties of composite films, and recent advancements in metal oxide thin films are also covered. Additionally, the synthesis and characteristics of iron oxide films for solar cell and green energy storage applications are discussed.

Chapters on challenges and future prospects of CNT-based cathode emitters and advanced characterizations of nanocrystalline ferrimagnetic thin films provide valuable insights into emerging technologies.

This book is an essential resource for professors, scientists, engineers, research scholars, postdocs, and undergraduate/graduate students seeking to explore the forefront of nanomaterials and their applications in energy systems.

This comprehensive textbook offers an in-depth exploration of how thyroid hormones influence brain development and function, particularly on cellular and molecular mechanisms. Readers will find current insights into the complex interplay between the thyroid and neurological systems, making it a valuable resource for researchers, advanced learners and clinicians in the fields of endocrinology, neuroscience, and developmental biology.

The book starts with a review of thyroid physiology, setting the stage for subsequent chapters that cover specific topics such as the impact of maternal thyroid hormones on fetal brain development and the effects of iodine deficiency. From here, the book progresses to cover the regulation of brain gene expression, neuronal and glial cell differentiation, and myelination by thyroid hormones, and how thyroid hormones shape the brain. Finally, the book addresses the link between thyroid dysfunction and mood disorders.

Key features

- A thorough examination of the historical and the latest research findings through 14 chapters

- Clear explanations of molecular pathways

- Emphasis on both theoretical knowledge and practical applications

- Detailed and research-focused content scientific references for further reading

Topics in Anti-Cancer Research covers new developments in the field of cancer diagnosis and drug therapy. Novel drugs as anticancer agents include natural and synthetic phenazirines and other anti-cancer compounds. The series also covers information on the current understanding of the pathology and molecular biology of specific neoplasms.

The diversity of research topics published in this book series give broad and valuable perspectives for cancer researchers, clinicians, cancer professionals aiming to develop novel anti-cancer targets and patents for the treatment of various cancers.

The topics covered in this volume are:

- Peptides can play a major role in combating cancer diseases

- Studying of the CLL after treatment using fractal parameter of neoplastic lymphocytes detection (ΛNLD)

- Mechanistic insight of rhenium-based compounds as anti- cancer agents

- Targeting cancer-specific inflammatory components in cancer therapeutics

- Marine natural products as a source of novel anticancer agents: a treasure from the ocean

- PDX clinical trial design in anti-cancer research

With the application of the effective stress concept, the strength and volumetric behavior of saturated materials was clearly understood. For the case of unsaturated materials, a universally accepted effective stresses equation is still under debate. However, the use of the effective stress concept to develop constitutive models for unsaturated soils is becoming increasingly popular not only because the hydro-mechanical coupling observed in these materials is implicit in the formulation but also because simpler and more precise models can be established. Towards A Unified Soil Mechanics Theory demonstrates that the same strength and volume change equations used in saturated soil mechanics can be used for the case of unsaturated soils. In other words, the constitutive models developed for saturated soils can be used for unsaturated materials once the effective stress equation has been defined.

In this book, an analytical equation for the effective stress for unsaturated soils is established. This equation requires the knowledge of the superficial area of solids affected by the capillary phenomenon. In other words, we need to know how water distributes in the pores of the soil. This distribution can be modeled using a solid-porous model built on a regular network. However the size of the network required to correctly simulate the structure of a small soil sample cannot be managed with a common PC. For that reason, a probabilistic porous-solid model is developed. This model uses the pore size distribution in the form of a probabilistic function which in addition to the Laplace equation and the principle of continuity can be expressed as the probability of a pore of certain size to be filled or dry at suction during a wetting or drying path, respectively. In this way, the soil-water retention curves can be simulated and the effective stress at any suction during wetting or drying processes can be determined. Based on this approach, it is shown that unsaturated soils behave under the same principles for strength and volumetric behavior as saturated soils.

Towards A Unified Soil Mechanics Theory paves the way for a universal theory of soil mechanics. The volume will be a valuable reference to civil engineers, earth scientists and hydrologists interested in soil mechanics at both academic and professional levels.

This edited collection provides a unique insight into sexual health in Scotland. It sets out the challenges facing Scotland in terms of poor sexual health and inequalities, within devolved government arrangements and a different healthcare system from the rest of the UK. It suggests that these factors have facilitated the development of an integrated model of sexual health planning and delivery with resonance beyond Scotland.

Chapter authors include clinical specialists, managers and policy-makers, academics and senior government officials from Scotland and other parts of the UK, all of whom have an active role in commissioning, delivering or commenting upon sexual health services or sexual health. Both editors have significant experience in developing, delivering and managing innovative sexual and reproductive health services and have held national and international leadership and advisory roles concerning health policy and service management. They were instrumental in developing and delivering Sandyford, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde’s sexual health service – the largest in the UK and viewed as the UK leader in progressive service development

Trauma-informed care is designed to assist persons who have experienced adversity and focuses on change at the clinical and organizational level. Its goals center around prevention, intervention, and treatments that are evidence-based, encourage resilience, and enhance coping.

This textbook is designed to give a comprehensive overview of trauma-informed care to students and faculty involved in nursing care programs.

Key features:

· Explains the skill sets to assess and care for persons who have experienced trauma.

· Emphasizes key principles of trauma-informed care

· Includes the use of client-centered, person-centered, and resilience-based tools to deal with trauma

· Recommends trauma recovery from a positive psychology and post-traumatic growth perspective

· Utilizes a caring pedagogy intended to foster resilience and help offset the secondary traumatic stress and compassion fatigue experienced by student and practicing nurses.

· Communicates the value of fostering psychological safety, compassion satisfaction, and joy in work

· Includes narrative case studies and learning activities in all chapters to help the reader to actively engage with the subject matter.

· Presents self-care strategies to enhance physical and emotional well-being.

Tuberculosis is an infection of the lungs caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and related species. It is prevalent in tropical regions and continues to occur in more than 10 million new individuals annually and despite many advances in medicine, still results in 1.3 million deaths annually.

This clinical practice handbook presents information on all topics related to the disease, including its epidemiology, microbiology, clinical features, diagnostic procedures, treatments, BCG vaccination and infection control in health facilities. Special topics such as the treatment of tuberculosis is pediatric patients, surgery, multi-drug resistance and adverse reactions to tuberculosis drugs are also covered. Information is presented in 16 simple easy-to read chapters with key figures, tables and references that help to explain relevant topics.

Tuberculosis: A Clinical Practice Guide is an ideal reference manual for medical students and healthcare personnel seeking information about tuberculosis.

Ultrasound Technology for Fuel Processing is a comprehensive reference guide that explores the application of sonochemistry and ultrasound waves in the intensified processing of fuels. The book focuses on the cavitation phenomenon, which generates extreme conditions, such as high temperatures and pressures, within the cavitation bubbles, leading to significant enhancements in chemical reactions and overall process yields. Key features of the book include comprehensive coverage of ultrasound fuel processing, with the inclusion of information about several new processing techniques, detailed references, and a focus on sustainability enhancing petrochemical technologies. Key Topics: - The basics of ultrasound technology, including its history, acoustic wave origin, and process parameters influencing cavitation thresholds. - Green hydrogen production through sonolysis of water and the influence of various parameters on hydrogen yield. - Pre-treatment methods for biofuel production, exploring both conventional and novel green methods. - Ultrasound-based techniques to enhance alternative energy production (biocrude, biogas, and bioethanol). - Biodiesel synthesis using ultrasound-microwave synergy for enhanced processing rates. - Intensified approaches in sonochemistry, including the use of cavitation, fundamentals of sonochemical reactors, and operational guidelines for maximizing biodiesel yields. - Enhanced oil recovery and crude oil upgradation using ultrasound and cavitation techniques, focusing on cracking heavy hydrocarbon molecules. - Ultrasound-assisted chemical and bio-desulfurization processes. Ultrasound Technology for Fuel Processing provides an in-depth understanding of the principles and applications of ultrasound in fuel processing, offering valuable insights for researchers, faculty, and professionals in fuel processing technology and related areas in industrial, petroleum and chemical engineering.

Understanding the U.S. Government: A Guide to Understanding American Government and Elections demystifies the complexities of the United States government, its election processes, and the concept of separation of powers. Written in a question-and-answer format, this book provides essential information for readers interested in American democracy at all levels. The authors compare various ideologies (capitalism, socialism, communism, and fascism) and other facets of U.S. politics that shape conversations about the U.S. Government and influence political policies, while also providing answers to historical questions about the American constitution and Declaration of Independence.

The book answers questions on these topics:

Maintaining personal relations amidst differing political views

Rights and responsibilities of American citizens

Competing political and economic philosophies

The Ins-and-Outs of American democracy

The impact of the media on U.S. Elections

The American political party system

The impact of lobbyists and monetary donations on political decisions and policies

How U.S. elections work

Practical tips for American voters

This book is an informative source of knowledge for anyone seeking a quick understanding of the workings of the U.S. government, the election process, and the intricate balance of political power in America.

Vascularization in Tissue Engineering presents a comprehensive picture of blood vessel development and the recent developments on the understanding of the role of angiogenesis in regenerating biological tissues. The first-half of this book, consists of three chapters, emphasizing the fundamental knowledge about cell pathways, growth factors, co-culture strategies, cell interactions, and vascularization in pathological scenarios. The second half takes this knowledge a step further and explains the vascular microenvironment, scaffolds, and related applications in regenerative medicines. This section also provides information about biomaterial scaffolds and stem cell cultures for wound-healing and tissue regeneration. Readers will learn about cutting edge technologies in this field. This volume is a handy reference for students and researchers seeking information about the angiogenic processes and applied biotechnology in tissue engineering.

Video data analytics is rapidly evolving and transforming the way we live in urban environments. In Video Data Analytics for Smart City Applications: Methods and Trends, data science experts present a comprehensive review of the latest advances and trends in video analytics technologies and their extensive applications in smart city planning and engineering.

The book covers a wide range of topics including object recognition, action recognition, violence detection, and tracking, exploring deep learning approaches and other techniques for video data analytics. It also discusses the key enabling technologies for smart cities and homes and the scope and application of smart agriculture in smart cities.

Moreover, the book addresses the challenges and security issues in terahertz band for wireless communication and the empirical impact of AI and IoT on performance management. One contribution also provides a review of the progress in achieving the Jal Jeevan Mission Goals for institutional capacity building in the Indian State of Chhattisgarh.

For researchers, computer scientists, data analytics professionals, smart city planners and engineers, this book provides detailed references for further reading and demonstrates how technologies are serving their use-cases in the smart city. The book highlights the advances and trends in video analytics technologies and extensively addresses key themes, making it an essential resource for anyone looking to gain a comprehensive understanding of video data analytics for smart city applications.