Bentham Science Publishers

This book is a compilation of innovative work on image processing applications for renewable energy systems. The chapters in the book describe the use of neural networks in multi-direction dynamic, topographical data frameworks which are designed to account for the distinctive contemporary issues faced when managing environmentally friendly power generation systems.

The topics covered include uncertainty analysis methods, computing technologies, automated control systems, performance analysis, riverfront analysis through image processing and solar power estimation methods, to name a few. The information is also complemented with a review of problems in the electric power sector in India.

This book is beneficial for professionals and researchers who work on hybrid techniques of GIS, remote sensing, image processing and the implementation of these techniques for utilizing renewable energy resources. Engineers who work on advanced algorithms for renewable energy applications will also get an updated perspective about relevant innovations in this industrial sector.

In Memory of Ethics: A Dissection of Ethical and Social Issues in Pakistani Professional Healthcare Practice explores the ethical challenges faced within the healthcare sector with a focus on Pakistan. From workplace behaviors to medical procedures, COVID-19 era dilemmas, and broader social health concerns, the book explores the intricate intersection of ethics and healthcare in the region.

The book is divided into five sections. Section I covers topics such as workplace behaviors and ethical conducts while section II covers medical procedures, and patient-doctor relationships. Section III addresses the unique ethical challenges brought forth by the COVID-19 pandemic, including guidelines for therapists and the ethics of mandatory vaccinations. Section IV examines the impact of social media on healthcare, gender discrimination, and the ethical considerations surrounding prisoner rehabilitation. The final section offers insightful essays on ethical and social Issues, covering topics like body shaming, free healthcare, and patient privacy. The editors also explore controversial topics, including euthanasia, abortion, and assisted reproductive technology.

The key feature of this book is that it provides a comprehensive coverage of diverse ethical dilemmas in healthcare. Furthermore, it is an attempt to give a subjective understanding of healthcare ethics through thought-provoking essays shedding light on contemporary ethical issues in a Pakistani context. The contributors have incorporated real-world examples and case studies to illustrate ethical principles in action.

In Memory of Ethics: A Dissection of Ethical and Social Issues in Pakistani Professional Healthcare Practice book is essential reading for anyone interested in understanding complex ethical and social issues and promoting integrity in healthcare practices.

This book is a comprehensive review of secondary metabolite production from plant tissue culture. The editors have compiled 12 meticulously organized chapters that provide the relevant theoretical and practical frameworks in this subject using empirical research findings. The goal of the book is to explain the rationale behind in vitro production of secondary metabolites from some important medicinal plants. Biotechnological strategies like metabolic engineering and the biosynthesis, transport and modulation of important secondary metabolites are explained along with research studies on specific plants. In addition to the benefits of secondary metabolites, the book also aims to highlight the commercial value of medicinal plants for pharmaceutical and healthcare ventures.

Topics covered in this part include:

1. In vitro propagation and tissue culture for several plants including Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, Aloe vera, Oroxylum indicum (L) Kurz, Ocimum basilicum L, Rhubarb, Tea, and many others (including plants in Northern India).

2. Genetic Improvement of Pelargonium

3. Bioactive Components in Senna alata L. Roxb

4. Plant tissue culture techniques

The book caters to a wide readership. It primarily prepares graduate students, researchers, biotechnologists, giving them a grasp of the key methodologies in the secondary metabolite production. It is a secondary reference for support executives, industry professionals, and policymakers at corporate and government levels to understand the importance of plant tissue culture and maximizing its impact in the herbal industry.

This book explores a revolutionary sensing technique called Indicator Displacement Assays (IDAs). It is designed to provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of the conceptual foundation and wide-ranging applications of IDAs. The book aims to fulfill a crucial gap in the existing references on the subject.

The content starts by explaining fundamental concepts, design strategies, and the scope of IDAs. Subsequent chapters elaborate on the intricate molecular recognition of various analytes, offering insights into sensing mechanisms for cationic, anionic, and neutral molecules. The design and construction of colorimetric, fluorescence, and metal complexing IDAs are also thoroughly explored in later chapters, followed by recent extensions of IDAs, including enantioselective indicator displacement assays, intramolecular indicator displacement assays, reaction-based indicator displacement assays, and more. Innovative applications of IDAs, such as sensory arrays and electrochemical sensors, are also discussed in detail, providing a comprehensive understanding of their conceptual foundations and practical implementations.

The book is a primer on IDAs for researchers who want to understand the fundamentals of the technique, as well as postgraduate students aiming to specialize in supramolecular and analytical chemistry.

This book is a compilation of knowledge about computer models in the three-phase stator reference frame. Chapters explore several aspects of the topic and build upon research previously presented by contributors. The book aims to provide interesting solutions to problems encountered in the design of railway and analysis in railway motors. The modeling approaches proposed by the authors in this book may become an incentive for readers and researchers to develop their ‘lifehacks’ to solve new problems in induction motor design and testing.

Key topics presented in the book:

- Approximate calculations of induction motor equivalent T-shaped circuit parameters with the use of catalogue data

- Simulations of different types of shaft load, including fluid coupling

- Receiving static characteristics of an electric machine during simulation by means of dynamic model

- Simulation of the electric drive’s specific applications with three-phase induction motors building

- Direct start of an induction motor as part of an auxiliary drive of an AC electric locomotive, containing a capacitor phase splitter, starting with different types of shaft loads (fan or compressor).

Special attention has been given to the description of the thermal model of an induction motor with a squirrel-cage rotor, which makes it possible to simulate operating modes when powered by an unbalanced voltage, as well as with squirrel cage defects. The thermal model is presented as a detailed superstructure to the model of electromechanical processes of an induction electric machine.

Other key features of the book include references for further reading, an appendix for the parameters of the equivalent thermal circuit of an NVA-55 induction motor.

The material presented in the book is of interest to railway motor engineers, specialists in electromechanics and electric drives who use SPICE-compatible CAD applications in their work.

This volume is a compilation of reviews on the industrial usage of soil microorganisms. The contents include 16 brief reviews on different soil microbe assisted industrial processes. Readers will be updated about recent applications of soil bacteria, fungi and algae in sectors such as agriculture, biotechnology, environmental management.

The reviews also cover special topics like sustainable agriculture, biodiversity, ecology, and intellectual property rights of patented strains, giving a broad perspective on industrial applications of soil microbes.

Volume 3 emphasizes various soil microorganisms including cyanobacteria and mycorrhiza. The 16 chapters cover the ecological significance of mycorrhiza to and their role in sustainable agriculture, microbial interactions with nematodes, microbes as biocontrol agents, and the use of endophytes in agriculture, Chapters also shed light on industrial aspects and microbial biotransformation, providing a comprehensive view of sustainable agricultural practices. Special topics such as the microbial carotenoids are also included.

This volume is a compilation of reviews on the industrial usage of soil microorganisms. The contents include 16 brief reviews on different soil microbe assisted industrial processes. Readers will be updated about recent applications of soil bacteria, fungi and algae in sectors such as agriculture, biotechnology, environmental management.

The reviews also cover special topics like sustainable agriculture, biodiversity, ecology, and intellectual property rights of patented strains, giving a broad perspective on industrial applications of soil microbes.

Volume 2 includes reviews on destructive microbes like Macrophomina Phaseolina, eco-friendly microbes like Beauveria Bassiana, the identification of fungi in the rhizosphere, the industrial application of Trichoderma, and other topics. The text is easy to understand for readers of all levels, with references provided for the benefit of advanced readers.

Intelligent Systems for IoE Based Smart Cities provides simplified information about complexities of cyber physical systems, the Internet of Everything (IoE) and smart city infrastructure. It presents 11 edited chapters that reveal how intelligent systems and IoE are driving the evolution of smart cities, making them more efficient, interconnected, and responsive to the needs of citizens.

The book content represents comprehensive exploration of the transformative potential and challenges of IoE-based smart cities, fueled by Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) innovations.

Key Topics:

Physical layer design considerations that underpin smart city infrastructure

Enabling technologies for intelligent systems within the context of smart computing environments

Smart sensors and actuators, their applications, challenges, and future trends in IoE-based smart cities

Applications, enabling technologies, challenges, and future trends of IoE for smart cities.

The integration of Artificial Intelligence, Natural Language Processing, and smart cities for enhanced urban experiences

machine learning-based intrusion detection techniques for countering attacks on the Internet of Vehicles

Smartphone-based indoor positioning applications using trilateration and the role of sensors in IoT ecosystems

IoT, blockchain, and cloud-based technology for secure frameworks and data analytics

Blockchain and smart contracts in shaping the future of smart cities.

This is a timely reference for researchers, professionals, and students interested in the convergence of IoT, intelligent systems and urban studies into smart city planning and design.

This volume explores diverse applications for automated machine learning and predictive analytics. The content provides use cases for machine learning in different industries such as healthcare, agriculture, cybersecurity, computing and transportation.

Key highlights of this volume include topics on engineering for underwater navigation, and computer vision for healthcare and biometric applications.

Chapters 1-4 delve into innovative signal detection, biometric authentication, underwater AUV localization, and COVID-19 face mask detection. Chapters 5-9 focus on wireless pH sensing, differential pattern identification, economic considerations in off-grid hybrid power, high optimization of image transmission, and ANN-based IoT-bot traffic detection. Chapters 10-12 cover mixed-signal VLSI design, pre-placement 3D floor planning, and bio-mimic robotic fish. Finally, Chapters 13 and 14 explore underwater robotic fish and IoT-based automatic irrigation systems, providing a comprehensive overview of cutting-edge technological advancements.

The book is a resource for academics, researchers, educators and professionals in the technology sector who want to learn about current trends in intelligent technologies.

International Journal of Sensors, Wireless Communications and Control publishes timely research articles, full-length/ mini reviews and communications on these three strongly related areas, with emphasis on networked control systems whose sensors are interconnected via wireless communication networks.
The emergence of high speed wireless network technologies allows a cluster of devices to be linked together economically to form a distributed system. Wireless communication is playing an increasingly important role in such distributed systems. Transmitting sensor measurements and control commands over wireless links allows rapid deployment, flexible installation, fully mobile operation and prevents the cable wear and tear problem in industrial automation, healthcare and environmental assessment. Wireless networked systems has raised and continues to raise fundamental challenges in the fields of science, engineering and industrial applications, hence, more new modelling techniques, problem formulations and solutions are required.

Machine learning is a subfield of artificial intelligence, broadly defined as a machine's capability to imitate intelligent human behavior. Like humans, machines become capable of making intelligent decisions by learning from their past experiences. Machine learning is being employed in many applications, including fraud detection and prevention, self-driving cars, recommendation systems, facial recognition technology, and intelligent computing. This book helps beginners learn the art and science of machine learning. It presens real-world examples that leverage the popular Python machine learning ecosystem,

The topics covered in this book include machine learning basics: supervised and unsupervised learning, linear regression and logistic regression, Support Vector Machines (SVMs). It also delves into special topics such as neural networks, theory of generalisation, and bias and fairness in machine learning. After reading this book, computer science and engineering students - at college and university levels - will receive a complete understanding of machine learning fundamentals and will be able to implement neural network solutions in information systems, and also extend them to their advantage.

Introduction to Sensors in IoT and Cloud Computing Applications provides information about sensors and their applications. Readers are first introduced to the concept of small instruments and their application as sensors. The chapters which follow explain Internet of Things (IoT) architecture while providing notes on the implementation, demonstration and related issues of IoT systems. The book continues to explore the topic by providing information about sensor-cloud infrastructure, mobile cloud, fog computing (an extension of cloud computing that takes cloud computing to the cutting-edge of networking where data is produced) and integration of IoT devices with cloud computing. The book also presents notes on the taxonomy of fog-computing systems. The six chapters in this book provide essential information for general readers, and students of computer science to understand the basics of cloud computing networks, related concepts and applications.

This textbook is a primer for students on statistics. It covers basic statistical operations, an introduction to probability, distributions and regression. The book is divided into a series of 10 chapters covering a basic introduction to common topics for beginners. The goal of the book is to provide a sufficient understanding of how to organize and summarize datasets through descriptive and inferential statistics for good decision-making. A chapter on ethics also informs readers about best practices for using statistics in research and analysis. Topics covered: 1. Introduction to Statistics 2. Summarizing and Graphing 3. Basic Concepts of Probability 4. Discrete Random Variables 5. Continuous Random Variables 6. Sampling Distributions 7. Estimation 8. Hypothesis Testing 9. Correlation and Regression 10. Ethics

Ionic Liquids: Eco-friendly Substitutes for Surface and Interface Applications explores the growing interest in utilizing ionic liquids as sustainable alternatives for various industrial and biological applications. With their unique properties and environmentally friendly nature, ionic liquids have emerged as promising substitutes for toxic and volatile solvents, offering significant advantages in surface and interface chemistry.

This book is divided into two parts: Part 1 covers the basics of ionic liquids, their surface/interface properties, and interactions with metallic surfaces. Part 2 focuses on the wide range of surface and interface applications of ionic liquids, including wastewater treatment, corrosion protection, catalysis, separation processes, medical devices, and sensing applications.

Key Features:

A complete book fully dedicated to the surface and interface chemistry of ionic liquids with seventeen chapters

Covers fundamentals, recent progress, and applications in surface/interface chemistry

Presents up-to-date research and interdisciplinary insights

Includes relevant references and resources for further exploration

This is a valuable reference for scientists and engineers who want to learn about ionic liquids' chemistry and applications

• Computing with Words and Granular Computing
• Extensions of fuzzy sets: intuitionistic fuzzy sets, hesitant fuzzy sets, neutrosophic sets, spherical fuzzy sets.
• Fuzzy Clustering
• Fuzzy Control
• Fuzzy Data Analysis, Fuzzy Clustering, Classification and Pattern Recognition
• Fuzzy Database
• Fuzzy Decision Making and Decision Support Systems
• Fuzzy Expert System
• Fuzzy Logic Systems
• Fuzzy Logic Techniques and Algorithms
• Fuzzy Mathematical Programming
• Fuzzy Mathematics
• Fuzzy Measure and integral
• Fuzzy Neural Systems, Neuro-Fuzzy Systems
• Fuzzy Pattern Recognition
• Fuzzy Process Control
• Fuzzy Reasoning System
• Fuzzy Sets in Bioinformatics
• Fuzzy System Applications in Computer Vision
• Fuzzy System Applications in E-commerce
• Fuzzy System Applications in Human-Machine Interface
• Fuzzy System Applications in Robotics, Sensors, Fuzzy Hardware and Architectures
• Fuzzy System in Multimedia and Web-Based Applications
• Fuzzy Systems Design and Optimization
• Fuzzy Systems Modeling and Identification
• Fuzzy Systems with Big Data and Cloud Computing, Fuzzy Analytics and Visualization
• Fuzzy-Rule Based System
• Hybrid Fuzzy Systems (fuzzy-neuro-evolutionary-rough)
• Possibility Theory and Imprecise Probabilit

• Preparation and characterization of new photocatalyst.
• Photocatalytic elimination of environmental pollutants in liquid or gas phase.
• Self-cleaning materials.
• Thin films.
• Photocatalytic syntheses of valuable products.
• Photocatalytic hydrogen generation and CO2 reduction.
• Kinetics and mechanistic aspects of photocatalytic reactions.
• Combination of photocatalysis with other technologies, such as membrane technologies and photoelectrocatalysis.
• Engineering aspects of photocatalytic processes.
• Homogeneous photocatalysis.
• Theory, modelling and computational aspects regarding the mechanisms of activation of photocatalysis.

This book provides an update on heterocyclic compounds that serve as key components of anti-cancer agents administered in pre-clinical settings. Many of the compounds highlighted in the book are being actively investigated for the bioactive properties against a range of cancer cell lines. There is potential for heterocyclic compounds to design agents that can target specific molecules to treat different types of cancers. Chapters are contributed by experts in pharmaceutical chemistry and are written to give a general overview of the topic to readers involved in all levels of research and decision-making in pharmaceutical chemistry and anti-cancer drug design.

Part II of the book set covers these topics:

- Anticancer targets for heterocyclic lead compounds

- Coumarin hybrids for cancer treatments - Progress in nitrogen and sulphur-based heterocyclic compounds for their anticancer activity

- Imidazole as an anticancer heterocyclic ring - Morpholine for profiling anticancer lead compounds

- Natural products as anticancer agents

Lean Management Solutions for Contemporary Manufacturing Operations: Applications in the automotive industry covers recent techniques aimed at improving manufacturing activities in automotive factories in the time of the fourth industrial revolution. The book informs the reader about some improvements in hard skills (such as technical concepts, new tools, processes, and applied designs), as well as soft skills (strategic planning and the psychology of motivating human resources in manufacturing setups). The book also presents insight for managers who are working with a niche of employees with disabilities with respect to the automotive industry.

Topics in the book include:

Application of Graph Theory in Workplace Design

Applied Design

Disability and the 4th Industrial Revolution

People Development, Motivation & Results

Low Cost Logistics Solutions

Agile Methodologies in Manufacturing Projects

This book is a concise, informative reference which updates the reader on recent strategies to maximize productivity in the auto manufacturing sector.

Lifestyle diseases and related conditions present a major healthcare challenge for children, posing a significant threat to their well-being. The Editors have compiled chapters to present a multicentric approach to the subject.

This book is an insightful reference on lifestyle diseases and its management in adolescents. It includes twelve topics with a focus on physical, emotional and behavioral aspects of lifestyle diseases. Starting with an introduction to lifestyle issues that can manifest into disease states, the book progresses to advanced topics, including emotional and cognitive developments, effects of mass media ranging from emotional and cognitive health, nutrition requirements and eating disorders, physical inactivity, eating and sleeping patterns, drug and alcohol-abuse, social behavior, anxiety and mental health.

The book highlights the risk factors and determinants of these diseases, and where an immediate intervention is needed. An updated understanding of the diseases with scientific references gives readers crucial information for setting the groundwork for long-term public health policy formulation.

This book serves as a primary resource for scholars and trainees in nursing, medical (pediatrics and endocrinologists) and paramedical courses who are required to understand lifestyle diseases with a focus on adolescents. Readers and professionals in public health, life-sciences and related disciplines can also use this as a secondary reference.

This brief monograph provides reports on liquid crystal materials used for specific devices designed for industrial applications. The authors of each chapter present insights on the design and technical aspects of the manufacturing of advanced liquid crystal light modulators reflecting their experience in advanced liquid crystal materials science.

Chapters in the book first introduce readers to the chemistry and basic materials science of liquid crystal light modulators with information important for practical situations such as custom manufacturing and material quality assessment (including the determination of Frank elastic constants). Subsequent chapters cover a selection of interesting projects where liquid crystal light modulators are applied, such as: a highly transparent, laser damage resistant liquid crystal phase modulators for space-borne laser rangefinders; a dynamic optical filter designed for visualization of air pollution; a high contrast, fast operating, outdoor light shutter for the eye protection of welders.

Readers will gain an awareness of the peculiarities of the liquid crystalline matter, along with the complexity of the design and fabrication of active optical elements, as the information provided in this volume presents detailed practical results of the liquid crystal technology projects.

Contemporary Endoscopic Spine Surgery brings the reader the most up-to-date information on the endoscopy of the spine. Key opinion leaders from around the world have come together to present the clinical evidence behind their competitive endoscopic spinal surgery protocols. Chapters in the series cover a range of aspects of spine surgery including spinal pain generators, preoperative workup with modern independent predictors of favorable clinical outcomes with endoscopy, anesthesia in an outpatient setting, management of complications, and a fresh look at technology advances in a historical context. The reader will have a first-row seat during the illustrative discussions of expanded surgical indications from herniated disc to more complex clinical problems, including stenosis, instability, and deformity in patients with advanced degenerative disease of the human spine. Contemporary Endoscopic Spine Surgery is divided into three volumes: Cervical Spine, Lumbar Spine, and Advanced Technologies to capture an accurate snapshot in time of this fast-moving field. It is intended as a comprehensive go-to reference text for surgeons in graduate residency and postgraduate fellowship training programs and for practicing spine surgeons interested in looking for the scientific foundation for their practice expansion into endoscopic surgery.

This volume (Lumbar Spine) covers the following topics in 18 detailed chapters:

Lumbar endoscopy: historical perspectives, present, and future

Endoscopic lumbar discectomy - anatomy, nomenclature, indications and advanced techniques

Current approaches for the treatment of endstage vacuum degenerative lumbar disc disease

Advanced endoscopic techniques of lumbar foraminotomy and treatment of degenerative spondylolisthesis

Endoscopic treatment of lumbar facet cysts Endoscopic techniques for the treatment of a wide range of chronic low back pain

Endoscopic spine surgery techniques in the elderly Endoscopic fusion techniques

Endoscopic resection of schwannoma

Technical notes for difficult cases, controversies and complications of lumbar endoscopy.