Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Biodiesel from Vegetable Oils in the Diesel Engine: A Review

Background: Vegetable oil of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) that is obtained by triglycerides of transesterification in the presence of methanol, recently, has been highly regarded by scholars for use in diesel engines. These oils can be used as biodiesels in diesel engines and have various benefits (these fuels are renewable, biodegradable, and nontoxic). Objective: In this work, many studies are reviewed in the field of using vegetable oils as biodiesel in diesel engines. Moreover, a simulation study is conducted to compare oxygen and peak pressure of a diesel engine fueled by three different biodiesels in comparison to diesel fuel. We have examined the chemical ignition delay time and kinetic viscosity of biodiesel in the combustion process of diesel engine and the effects of these factors are evaluated on air–fuel mixing and subsequent combustion.